LHRD 2723 Final Exam (220 Questions) | Leadership, Teams, Conflict & Organizational Culture

This document is a comprehensive and exam-focused final exam study guide containing approximately 220 questions with verified correct answers for LHRD 2723. It is designed to support in-depth understanding and effective revision of leadership, human resource development, team dynamics, and organizational behavior concepts commonly assessed in upper-level university courses. The content is presented in a clear question–answer format, making it highly suitable for final exam preparation, concept reinforcement, and self-assessment. The material provides thorough coverage of leadership and performance management, including effective goal-setting using the SMART framework, goal commitment strategies, principles of high-quality feedback, delegation, and coaching. Key leadership models and practices are explored in detail, such as Peterson and Hicks’ five-step coaching process, development planning, feedback delivery, and creating environments that support learning and skill transfer. These sections emphasize practical leadership behaviors grounded in research and real organizational settings. A major portion of the document focuses on conflict and team dynamics. It clearly distinguishes task conflict from relationship conflict and examines both the positive and negative effects of conflict in organizations. Multiple sources of conflict are explained, including informational, perceptual, role-based, environmental, and personal factors. The guide also presents conflict management strategies—competition, accommodation, compromise, collaboration, and avoidance—highlighting when and how each strategy is most effective. Concepts such as zero-sum games, mixed-motive situations, and decision-making threats (e.g., risky shift, escalation of commitment, conformity, and social facilitation) are addressed with clarity. The document further explores team effectiveness and organizational change, covering Lewin’s Change Model, change agents, resistance to change, and strategies for overcoming resistance. High-performing team characteristics are explained in depth, including small team size, complementary skills, shared purpose, productive norms, and mutual accountability. Bruce Tuckman’s five-stage model of group development is also included, along with strategies for building and managing team cohesiveness. In addition, the guide provides detailed coverage of organizational culture and diversity, including artifacts, shared values, shared assumptions, and Hofstede’s cultural dimensions. It addresses surface-level and deep-level diversity, diversity awareness, stereotyping, generational differences in the workplace, and the advantages and challenges of diverse teams. These sections connect cultural theory with practical implications for leadership and organizational effectiveness. This document is particularly relevant for: Students enrolled in LHRD 2723, Leadership, Human Resource Development, or Organizational Behavior courses Undergraduate students preparing for final or cumulative exams Business, management, HR, psychology, and organizational studies majors Students seeking an exam-aligned review of leadership, teamwork, and culture Learners needing a structured and comprehensive study resource for applied leadership concepts Keywords: leadership, human resource development, goal setting, coaching, feedback, delegation, conflict management, team dynamics, organizational change, organizational culture, diversity, group development, performance management, workplace leadership