BIO 1120 Exam 3 | Questions and Answers | Fall 2026/2027 Update | 100%
Correct | pass!!! Graded a+
What kinds of torpor are observed in animal species? -answer--torpor enables animals
to save energy while avoiding difficult and dangerous conditions; physiological state
where activity is low and metabolism decreases
-hibernation is long-term torpor; body temp declines
-estivation (summer torpor): enables animals to survive long periods of high
temperatures and scarce water supplies
-daily torpor is exhibited by many small mammals and birds; adapted to their feeding
patterns
how does an ectotherm get its heat? -answer-regulate body heat through behavioral
methods such as basking in the sun, seeking shade, or generating heat through
movement.
The wolf, his coat glowing in the early spring sunshine, sat atop a cold boulder after
unsuccessfully pursuing a plump jackrabbit. He continued to pant while __________. -
answer-Heat would radiate away from his body; heat would also radiate from the sun to
him.
how is a fruit classified by development? -answer-1. simple: a single or several fused
carpels
2. aggregate: a single flower with multiple separate carpels
3. multiple: a group of flowers called an inflorescence
4. accessory: other floral parts plus the ovary make the fruit
What precedes the other: Endosperm or embryo development? -answer-endosperm
development prices embryo development
-endosperm stores nutrients in monocots
-in eudicots, the food reserves of the endosperm are exported to the cotyledons
,coevolution of the flower and the pollinator -answer-the evolution of interacting species
in response to changes in each other
-shapes and sizes of flowers often correspond to the pollen transporting parts of their
animal pollinators
elaiosome -answer--fleshy structures that are attached to the seeds of many plant
species
-is rich in lipids and proteins
-attract ants, which take the seed to their nest and feed the elaiosome to their larvae.
development of male gametophytes in pollen grains -answer--pollen develops from
microspores within the microsporangia, or pollen sacs, of anthers
-if pollination succeeds, a pollen grain produces a pollen tube that grows down into the
ovary and discharges sperm near the embryo sac
-the pollen grain consists of two-celled male gametophyte and the spore wall
development of the female gametophyte (embryo sacs) -answer--within an ovule,
megaspores are produced by meiosis and develop into embryo sacs, the female
gametophytes
Human modification of crops -answer--human intervention in the reproduction and
genetic makeup of plant for thousands of years
-hybridization is common in nature and has been used by breeders to introduce new
genes
-maize is example
transgenic crops -answer--genetic modified plants may increase the quality/quantity of
food worldwide
-produce proteins to defend them against insect pests
-tolerate herbicides
-resist specific diseases
biofuels -answer-made by there fermentation and distillation of plant materials
-produced by rapidly growing crops
-reduce CO2, a greenhouse gas
evolutionary convergence of animals -answer--reflects different species' independent
adaptation to a similar environmental challenge
example: tuna, shark, penguin, dolphin, seal
animal size and shape in relationship to physical laws -answer--constrained by physical
laws and environment
-animal form limited by physical laws and the need to exchange materials with the
environment
-ability to perform certain actions depends on an animals' size and shape
, why is endothermy more energetically expensive than ectothermy? -answer--buffers
animals' internal temperatures against external fluctuations
-enables the animals to maintain a high level or aerobic metabolism
what is a major thermoregulatory adaptation in mammals and birds? -answer-insulation
-reduces the flow of heat between an animal and its environment
-may include feathers, fur, or blubber
-integumentary system is insulating system in mammals
circulatory adaptations -answer--vasodilation: blood flow in the skin increases,
facilitating heat loss
-vasoconstriction: blood flow in the skin decreases, lowering heat loss
countercurrent heat exchangers -answer-arrangements of blood vessels that are
important for reducing heat loss
Four mechanisms/strategies by which animals feed -answer-1. suspension feeders: sift
small food particles or organism from the water
ex: humpback whale
2. substrate feeders: feed as they tunnel through their food
ex: caterpillar
3. fluid feeders: suck nutrients from a living host
ex: tsetse fly
4. bulk feeders: (most animals) eat relatively large pieces of food
ex: python
Four stages of food processing -answer-1. Ingestion: the act of eating
-decreasing surface area of the food
2. Digestion: process of breaking food down into molecules small enough to absorb
-mechanical
-chemical (enzymatic hydrolysis)
3. Absorption: uptake of nutrients by body cells
-
4. Elimination: undigested materials pass out of the digestive compartment
-ex. cellulose form plant cell walls and coli bacteria
in what forms do animals store excess calories from their food? -answer--glucose is
stored in the liver as glycogen -in adipose cells
Complete digestive tract -answer-mouth to anus
Correct | pass!!! Graded a+
What kinds of torpor are observed in animal species? -answer--torpor enables animals
to save energy while avoiding difficult and dangerous conditions; physiological state
where activity is low and metabolism decreases
-hibernation is long-term torpor; body temp declines
-estivation (summer torpor): enables animals to survive long periods of high
temperatures and scarce water supplies
-daily torpor is exhibited by many small mammals and birds; adapted to their feeding
patterns
how does an ectotherm get its heat? -answer-regulate body heat through behavioral
methods such as basking in the sun, seeking shade, or generating heat through
movement.
The wolf, his coat glowing in the early spring sunshine, sat atop a cold boulder after
unsuccessfully pursuing a plump jackrabbit. He continued to pant while __________. -
answer-Heat would radiate away from his body; heat would also radiate from the sun to
him.
how is a fruit classified by development? -answer-1. simple: a single or several fused
carpels
2. aggregate: a single flower with multiple separate carpels
3. multiple: a group of flowers called an inflorescence
4. accessory: other floral parts plus the ovary make the fruit
What precedes the other: Endosperm or embryo development? -answer-endosperm
development prices embryo development
-endosperm stores nutrients in monocots
-in eudicots, the food reserves of the endosperm are exported to the cotyledons
,coevolution of the flower and the pollinator -answer-the evolution of interacting species
in response to changes in each other
-shapes and sizes of flowers often correspond to the pollen transporting parts of their
animal pollinators
elaiosome -answer--fleshy structures that are attached to the seeds of many plant
species
-is rich in lipids and proteins
-attract ants, which take the seed to their nest and feed the elaiosome to their larvae.
development of male gametophytes in pollen grains -answer--pollen develops from
microspores within the microsporangia, or pollen sacs, of anthers
-if pollination succeeds, a pollen grain produces a pollen tube that grows down into the
ovary and discharges sperm near the embryo sac
-the pollen grain consists of two-celled male gametophyte and the spore wall
development of the female gametophyte (embryo sacs) -answer--within an ovule,
megaspores are produced by meiosis and develop into embryo sacs, the female
gametophytes
Human modification of crops -answer--human intervention in the reproduction and
genetic makeup of plant for thousands of years
-hybridization is common in nature and has been used by breeders to introduce new
genes
-maize is example
transgenic crops -answer--genetic modified plants may increase the quality/quantity of
food worldwide
-produce proteins to defend them against insect pests
-tolerate herbicides
-resist specific diseases
biofuels -answer-made by there fermentation and distillation of plant materials
-produced by rapidly growing crops
-reduce CO2, a greenhouse gas
evolutionary convergence of animals -answer--reflects different species' independent
adaptation to a similar environmental challenge
example: tuna, shark, penguin, dolphin, seal
animal size and shape in relationship to physical laws -answer--constrained by physical
laws and environment
-animal form limited by physical laws and the need to exchange materials with the
environment
-ability to perform certain actions depends on an animals' size and shape
, why is endothermy more energetically expensive than ectothermy? -answer--buffers
animals' internal temperatures against external fluctuations
-enables the animals to maintain a high level or aerobic metabolism
what is a major thermoregulatory adaptation in mammals and birds? -answer-insulation
-reduces the flow of heat between an animal and its environment
-may include feathers, fur, or blubber
-integumentary system is insulating system in mammals
circulatory adaptations -answer--vasodilation: blood flow in the skin increases,
facilitating heat loss
-vasoconstriction: blood flow in the skin decreases, lowering heat loss
countercurrent heat exchangers -answer-arrangements of blood vessels that are
important for reducing heat loss
Four mechanisms/strategies by which animals feed -answer-1. suspension feeders: sift
small food particles or organism from the water
ex: humpback whale
2. substrate feeders: feed as they tunnel through their food
ex: caterpillar
3. fluid feeders: suck nutrients from a living host
ex: tsetse fly
4. bulk feeders: (most animals) eat relatively large pieces of food
ex: python
Four stages of food processing -answer-1. Ingestion: the act of eating
-decreasing surface area of the food
2. Digestion: process of breaking food down into molecules small enough to absorb
-mechanical
-chemical (enzymatic hydrolysis)
3. Absorption: uptake of nutrients by body cells
-
4. Elimination: undigested materials pass out of the digestive compartment
-ex. cellulose form plant cell walls and coli bacteria
in what forms do animals store excess calories from their food? -answer--glucose is
stored in the liver as glycogen -in adipose cells
Complete digestive tract -answer-mouth to anus
