(NGN)ATI PHARMACOLOGY PROCTORED EXAM,
PHARMACOLOGY ATI PROCTORED FINAL EXAM
2024/ACTUAL EXAM WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS AND
RATIONALES /ALREDY GRADED A+
A provider prescribes phenobarbital for a client who has a seizure disorder. Themedication has a
long half-life of 4 days. How many times per day should the nurse expect to administer this
medication?
A. One
B. Two
C. Three
D. Four
A. One
RATIONALE :( Medications with long half-lives remain at their therapeutic levels
between doses for long periods of time. The nurse should expect to administer this
medication once a day.)
A staff educator is reviewing medication dosages and factors that influence medication
metabolism with a group of nurses at an in-service presentation.
Which of the following factors should the educator include as a reason toadminister lower
medication dosages? (Select all that apply.)
A.Increased renal secretion
B.Increased medication-metabolizing enzymes
C. Liver failure
D. Peripheral vascular disease
E. Concurrent use of medication the same pathway metabolizes
C. Liver failure
E. Concurrent use of medication the same pathway metabolizes
RATIONALE :C. Liver failure decreases metabolism and thus increases the concentration
of amedication. This requires decreasing the dosage.
E. When the same pathway metabolizes two medications, they compete for metabolism,
thereby increasing the concentration of one or both medications. This requires decreasing
the dosage of one or both
A nurse is preparing to administer eye drops to a client. Which of the followingactions should the
nurse take? (Select all that apply.)
A. Have the client lie on her side.
B. Ask the client to look up at the ceiling.
C. Tell the client to blink when the drops enter her eye.
D. Drop the medication into the center of the client's conjunctival sac.
E. Instruct the client to close her eye gently after instillation
B. Ask the client to look up at the ceiling.
,D. Drop the medication into the center of the client's conjunctival sac.
E. Instruct the client to close her eye gently after instillation
RATIONALE : (B. The client should look upward to keep the drops from falling onto her
cornea.
D. The nurse should drop the medication into the
center of the conjunctival sac to promote distribution.
E. The client should close her eye gently to promote distribution of the medication)
A nurse is completing discharge teaching for a client who has a new prescriptionfor transdermal
patches. Which of the following statements should the nurse identify as an indication that the
client understands the instructions?
A. "I will clean the site with an alcohol swab before I apply the patch."
B. "I will rotate the application sites weekly."
C. "I will apply the patch to an area of skin with no hair."
D. "I will place the new patch on the site of the old patch.
C. "I will apply the patch to an area of skin with no hair."
RATIONALE: (The client should apply the patch to a hairless area of skin to promote
absorption of themedication.)
A nurse reviewing a client's medical record notes a new prescription for verifyingthe trough level
of the client's medication. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
A. Obtain a blood specimen immediately prior to administering the next dose of
medication.
B. Verify that the client has been taking the medication for 24 hr before obtaininga blood
specimen.
C. Ask the client to provide a urine specimen after the next dose of medication.
D. Administer the medication,and obtain a blood specimen 30 min late
A. Obtain a blood specimen immediately prior to administering the next dose ofmedication.
RATIONALE: (To verify trough levels of a medication, the nurse should obtain a blood
specimenimmediately before administering the next dose of medication.)
A nurse is preparing a client's medications. Which of the following actions shouldthe nurse take
in following legal practice guidelines? (Select all that apply.)
A. Maintain skill competency.
B. Determine the dosage.
C. Monitor for adverse effects.
D. Safeguard medications.
E. Identify the client's diagnosis
A. Maintain skill competency.
C. Monitor for adverse effects.
D. Safeguard medications.
RATIONALE : (A.maintaining skill competency and using appropriate administration
techniques are
,legal responsibilities of the nurse
C. A nurse is legally responsible for monitoring for side and adverse effects ofmedication
D. Safeguarding of medications, such as controlled substances, is a legal responsibilityof the
nurse)
A nurse reviewing a client's health record notes a new prescription for Lisinopril10 mg PO once
every day. The nurse should identify this as which of the following types of prescription?
A. Single
B. Stat
C. Routine
D. Standing
C. Routine
RATIONALE: (A routine or standard prescription identifies medications to give on a
regular schedulewith or without a termination date or a specific number of doses. The
nurse will administer this medication every day until the provider discontinues it.)
A nurse is reviewing a new prescription for Ondansetron 4 mg PO PRN for nausea and
vomiting for a client who has Hyperemesis Gravidarum. The nurse should clarify which of the
following parts of the prescription with the provider?
A. Name
B. Dosage
C. Route
D. Frequency
D. Frequency
RATIONALE : (This prescription does not include the time or frequency of medication
administration.The nurse must clarify this with the prescribing provide)
A nurse is admitting a client and completing a preassessment before administering medications.
Which of the following data should the nurse includein the preassessment? (Select all that apply.)
A. Use of herbal teas
B. Daily fluid intake
C. Current health status
D. Previous surgical history
E. Food allergies
A. Use of herbal teas
C. Current health status
E. Food allergies
, RATIONALE : (A. The nurse should inquire about the client's use of herbal products,
which oftencontain caffeine, prior to medication administration because caffeine can affect
medication biotransformation
C. The nurse should review the client's current health status because new prescriptionscan
cause alterations in current health status
E. The nurse should inquire about food allergies during the preassessment to identifyany
potential reactions or interactions)
A nurse orienting a newly licensed nurse is reviewing the procedure for taking a telephone
prescription. Which of the following statements should the nurse identify as an indication that
the newly licensed nurse understands the process?
A. "A second nurse enters the prescription into the client's medical record."
B. "Another nurse should listen to the phone call."
C. "The provider can clarify the prescription when he signs the health record."
D. "I should omit the 'read back' if this is a one-time prescription
B. "Another nurse should listen to the phone call."
RATIONALE : (A second nurse should listen to a telephone prescription to prevent errors
incommunication.)
A nurse is preparing to administer vancomycin 1 g by intermittent IV bolus. Available is
vancomycin 1 g in 100 mL of dextrose 5% in water (D5W) to infuseover 45 min. The drop factor
of the manual IV tubing is 10 gtt/mL. The nurse should adjust the manual IV infusion to deliver
how many gtt/min? (Round theanswer to the nearest whole number. Do not use a trailing zero.
22
A nurse is preparing to administer clindamycin 200 mg by intermittent IV bolus.The amount
available is clindamycin injection 200 mg in 100 mL 0.9% sodium chloride (0.9% NaCl) to
infuse over 30 min. The nurse should set the IV pump todeliver how many mL/hr? (Round
the answer to the nearest whole number. Do not use a trailing zero.
200
A nurse is preparing to administer furosemide 80 mg PO daily. The amountavailable is
furosemide oral
solution 10 mg/1 mL. how many mL should the nurse administer? (Round theanswer to the
nearest whole number. Do not use a trailing zero.)
8
A nurse is preparing to administer Haloperidol 2 mg PO every 12 hr. The amountavailable is
haloperidol 1 mg/tablet. how many tablets should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to
the nearest whole number. Do not use a trailing zero.
2
A nurse is preparing to administer Amoxicillin 20 mg/kg/day PO to divide equallyevery 12 hr
to a preschooler who weighs 44 lb. The amount available is amoxicillin suspension 250 mg/5
mL. how many mL should the nurse administer
PHARMACOLOGY ATI PROCTORED FINAL EXAM
2024/ACTUAL EXAM WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS AND
RATIONALES /ALREDY GRADED A+
A provider prescribes phenobarbital for a client who has a seizure disorder. Themedication has a
long half-life of 4 days. How many times per day should the nurse expect to administer this
medication?
A. One
B. Two
C. Three
D. Four
A. One
RATIONALE :( Medications with long half-lives remain at their therapeutic levels
between doses for long periods of time. The nurse should expect to administer this
medication once a day.)
A staff educator is reviewing medication dosages and factors that influence medication
metabolism with a group of nurses at an in-service presentation.
Which of the following factors should the educator include as a reason toadminister lower
medication dosages? (Select all that apply.)
A.Increased renal secretion
B.Increased medication-metabolizing enzymes
C. Liver failure
D. Peripheral vascular disease
E. Concurrent use of medication the same pathway metabolizes
C. Liver failure
E. Concurrent use of medication the same pathway metabolizes
RATIONALE :C. Liver failure decreases metabolism and thus increases the concentration
of amedication. This requires decreasing the dosage.
E. When the same pathway metabolizes two medications, they compete for metabolism,
thereby increasing the concentration of one or both medications. This requires decreasing
the dosage of one or both
A nurse is preparing to administer eye drops to a client. Which of the followingactions should the
nurse take? (Select all that apply.)
A. Have the client lie on her side.
B. Ask the client to look up at the ceiling.
C. Tell the client to blink when the drops enter her eye.
D. Drop the medication into the center of the client's conjunctival sac.
E. Instruct the client to close her eye gently after instillation
B. Ask the client to look up at the ceiling.
,D. Drop the medication into the center of the client's conjunctival sac.
E. Instruct the client to close her eye gently after instillation
RATIONALE : (B. The client should look upward to keep the drops from falling onto her
cornea.
D. The nurse should drop the medication into the
center of the conjunctival sac to promote distribution.
E. The client should close her eye gently to promote distribution of the medication)
A nurse is completing discharge teaching for a client who has a new prescriptionfor transdermal
patches. Which of the following statements should the nurse identify as an indication that the
client understands the instructions?
A. "I will clean the site with an alcohol swab before I apply the patch."
B. "I will rotate the application sites weekly."
C. "I will apply the patch to an area of skin with no hair."
D. "I will place the new patch on the site of the old patch.
C. "I will apply the patch to an area of skin with no hair."
RATIONALE: (The client should apply the patch to a hairless area of skin to promote
absorption of themedication.)
A nurse reviewing a client's medical record notes a new prescription for verifyingthe trough level
of the client's medication. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
A. Obtain a blood specimen immediately prior to administering the next dose of
medication.
B. Verify that the client has been taking the medication for 24 hr before obtaininga blood
specimen.
C. Ask the client to provide a urine specimen after the next dose of medication.
D. Administer the medication,and obtain a blood specimen 30 min late
A. Obtain a blood specimen immediately prior to administering the next dose ofmedication.
RATIONALE: (To verify trough levels of a medication, the nurse should obtain a blood
specimenimmediately before administering the next dose of medication.)
A nurse is preparing a client's medications. Which of the following actions shouldthe nurse take
in following legal practice guidelines? (Select all that apply.)
A. Maintain skill competency.
B. Determine the dosage.
C. Monitor for adverse effects.
D. Safeguard medications.
E. Identify the client's diagnosis
A. Maintain skill competency.
C. Monitor for adverse effects.
D. Safeguard medications.
RATIONALE : (A.maintaining skill competency and using appropriate administration
techniques are
,legal responsibilities of the nurse
C. A nurse is legally responsible for monitoring for side and adverse effects ofmedication
D. Safeguarding of medications, such as controlled substances, is a legal responsibilityof the
nurse)
A nurse reviewing a client's health record notes a new prescription for Lisinopril10 mg PO once
every day. The nurse should identify this as which of the following types of prescription?
A. Single
B. Stat
C. Routine
D. Standing
C. Routine
RATIONALE: (A routine or standard prescription identifies medications to give on a
regular schedulewith or without a termination date or a specific number of doses. The
nurse will administer this medication every day until the provider discontinues it.)
A nurse is reviewing a new prescription for Ondansetron 4 mg PO PRN for nausea and
vomiting for a client who has Hyperemesis Gravidarum. The nurse should clarify which of the
following parts of the prescription with the provider?
A. Name
B. Dosage
C. Route
D. Frequency
D. Frequency
RATIONALE : (This prescription does not include the time or frequency of medication
administration.The nurse must clarify this with the prescribing provide)
A nurse is admitting a client and completing a preassessment before administering medications.
Which of the following data should the nurse includein the preassessment? (Select all that apply.)
A. Use of herbal teas
B. Daily fluid intake
C. Current health status
D. Previous surgical history
E. Food allergies
A. Use of herbal teas
C. Current health status
E. Food allergies
, RATIONALE : (A. The nurse should inquire about the client's use of herbal products,
which oftencontain caffeine, prior to medication administration because caffeine can affect
medication biotransformation
C. The nurse should review the client's current health status because new prescriptionscan
cause alterations in current health status
E. The nurse should inquire about food allergies during the preassessment to identifyany
potential reactions or interactions)
A nurse orienting a newly licensed nurse is reviewing the procedure for taking a telephone
prescription. Which of the following statements should the nurse identify as an indication that
the newly licensed nurse understands the process?
A. "A second nurse enters the prescription into the client's medical record."
B. "Another nurse should listen to the phone call."
C. "The provider can clarify the prescription when he signs the health record."
D. "I should omit the 'read back' if this is a one-time prescription
B. "Another nurse should listen to the phone call."
RATIONALE : (A second nurse should listen to a telephone prescription to prevent errors
incommunication.)
A nurse is preparing to administer vancomycin 1 g by intermittent IV bolus. Available is
vancomycin 1 g in 100 mL of dextrose 5% in water (D5W) to infuseover 45 min. The drop factor
of the manual IV tubing is 10 gtt/mL. The nurse should adjust the manual IV infusion to deliver
how many gtt/min? (Round theanswer to the nearest whole number. Do not use a trailing zero.
22
A nurse is preparing to administer clindamycin 200 mg by intermittent IV bolus.The amount
available is clindamycin injection 200 mg in 100 mL 0.9% sodium chloride (0.9% NaCl) to
infuse over 30 min. The nurse should set the IV pump todeliver how many mL/hr? (Round
the answer to the nearest whole number. Do not use a trailing zero.
200
A nurse is preparing to administer furosemide 80 mg PO daily. The amountavailable is
furosemide oral
solution 10 mg/1 mL. how many mL should the nurse administer? (Round theanswer to the
nearest whole number. Do not use a trailing zero.)
8
A nurse is preparing to administer Haloperidol 2 mg PO every 12 hr. The amountavailable is
haloperidol 1 mg/tablet. how many tablets should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to
the nearest whole number. Do not use a trailing zero.
2
A nurse is preparing to administer Amoxicillin 20 mg/kg/day PO to divide equallyevery 12 hr
to a preschooler who weighs 44 lb. The amount available is amoxicillin suspension 250 mg/5
mL. how many mL should the nurse administer
