Urology/Renal EORE (EMMED-456) | 30 Q&A | Emergency Medicine | Torsion, Stones, Pyelonephritis, BPH

This concise guide contains 30 expert-verified Q&A covering core urological and renal emergencies for the Emergency Medicine End-of-Rotation Exam (EORE), course code EMMED-456, designed for the 2025 curriculum. It is tailored for students in medical, PA, NP, or DO programs preparing for clinical assessments like PANCE, USMLE Step 2, or COMLEX Level 2. Key conditions are categorized by organ system and clinical urgency. The guide provides diagnostic pearls and treatment strategies for: Scrotal/testicular emergencies: including testicular torsion (absent cremasteric reflex, surgical emergency), epididymitis, orchitis, hydrocele, and varicocele Renal/urologic infections: such as cystitis, pyelonephritis, prostatitis, urethritis, and glomerulonephritis (e.g. post-strep, with cola-colored urine and facial edema) Obstructive conditions: including nephrolithiasis (CT-based diagnosis, size-based management, admission criteria) Diagnostic signs like Prehn's sign, CVA tenderness, transillumination, and urinalysis patterns Management includes antibiotic regimens by age/etiology (e.g. ceftriaxone/doxycycline <35 yrs, fluoroquinolones >35 yrs), surgical indications, and supportive therapy This document simplifies the most testable renal/urologic presentations with a focus on high-yield differentials, red flags, and treatment thresholds—perfect for rotation prep or exam week review. Best suited for: Medical students on Emergency Medicine or Urology rotations PA students preparing for EORE or PANCE NP and DO students preparing for renal/urology components of board exams Candidates for USMLE Step 2 or COMLEX Level 2 Keywords: testicular torsion, epididymitis, orchitis, hydrocele, varicocele, nephrolithiasis, renal colic, pyelonephritis, cystitis, prostatitis, urethritis, glomerulonephritis, urinary tract infection, hematuria, CVA tenderness, Prehn's sign, urinalysis, renal ultrasound, BPH, EORE urology, PANCE prep, USMLE Step 2, emergency urology