NSD 225 Exam 2
What is cholesterol? - Answer-Fat soluble complex alcohol
- Found only in animal tissue
- Cholesterol is not essential (you make it in liver)
Functions of cholesterol - Answer-- Sex hormones
- Bile acids/salts
- Vitamin D
- Part of cell membrane
Cholesterol and heart disease - Answer-- Cadiovascular disease
- Atherosclerosis - Artery is completely blocked
- Brain attack - Stroke
Risk factors linked to coronary heart disease - Answer-- High blood pressure, physical inactivity, heredity,
gender (men), obesity, elevation is plasma liquids (esp serum cholesterol), heavy cigarette smoking
How many calories in 1lb of fat? - Answer-3500
Dietary modification can decrease/eliminate 3 risk factors: - Answer-- Serum cholesterol levels
- Obesity
- Hypertension
, HDL vs LDL - Answer-HDL: reduces risk of coronary heart disease, carries cholesterol to be processed in
liver
LDL: increase risk of CHD, deposits cholesterol in arteries
Dietary requirements for cholesterol - Answer-Less than 300mg per day, no more than 30% of kcal from
fat
Homocysteine - Answer-- High blood levels of this increase risk of heart disease
- Foods high in vit B-6, B-12 and folic acid help
- Coffee decreases homocysteine
- Homocysteine is not just marker but also cause of health problems (makes arteries more susceptible to
damange by increasing stickiness of blood platelets)
Fat soluble vitamins - Answer-A, D, E and K (don't lose in cooking oil)
2 forms of vitamin A - Answer-- Active preformed in animal food sources
- Inactive in plants (Carotene converted to vit A in intestinal oil)
Functions of vitamin A - Answer-- Growth
- Too little may affect vision = night blindess/visual purple
- Normal reproduction
- Cells that line nose/mouth
- 1/6 of carotene can be used as vit A, enough stored in liver to last one yea
Vit A deficiency - Answer-- Absorption decreases by disease
- Eye growths: Xerothalmya (drying of eyeball)
What is cholesterol? - Answer-Fat soluble complex alcohol
- Found only in animal tissue
- Cholesterol is not essential (you make it in liver)
Functions of cholesterol - Answer-- Sex hormones
- Bile acids/salts
- Vitamin D
- Part of cell membrane
Cholesterol and heart disease - Answer-- Cadiovascular disease
- Atherosclerosis - Artery is completely blocked
- Brain attack - Stroke
Risk factors linked to coronary heart disease - Answer-- High blood pressure, physical inactivity, heredity,
gender (men), obesity, elevation is plasma liquids (esp serum cholesterol), heavy cigarette smoking
How many calories in 1lb of fat? - Answer-3500
Dietary modification can decrease/eliminate 3 risk factors: - Answer-- Serum cholesterol levels
- Obesity
- Hypertension
, HDL vs LDL - Answer-HDL: reduces risk of coronary heart disease, carries cholesterol to be processed in
liver
LDL: increase risk of CHD, deposits cholesterol in arteries
Dietary requirements for cholesterol - Answer-Less than 300mg per day, no more than 30% of kcal from
fat
Homocysteine - Answer-- High blood levels of this increase risk of heart disease
- Foods high in vit B-6, B-12 and folic acid help
- Coffee decreases homocysteine
- Homocysteine is not just marker but also cause of health problems (makes arteries more susceptible to
damange by increasing stickiness of blood platelets)
Fat soluble vitamins - Answer-A, D, E and K (don't lose in cooking oil)
2 forms of vitamin A - Answer-- Active preformed in animal food sources
- Inactive in plants (Carotene converted to vit A in intestinal oil)
Functions of vitamin A - Answer-- Growth
- Too little may affect vision = night blindess/visual purple
- Normal reproduction
- Cells that line nose/mouth
- 1/6 of carotene can be used as vit A, enough stored in liver to last one yea
Vit A deficiency - Answer-- Absorption decreases by disease
- Eye growths: Xerothalmya (drying of eyeball)
