TEST PAPER 2026 FULL QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+
⩥ What is the impact of a well-designed database on SQL
programming? Answer: It makes the database easy to query.
⩥ What is the first step in designing a data structure? Answer: Identify
all the data elements that need to be stored in the database.
⩥ What should you do if a data element is complex? Answer: Break it
down into smaller components.
⩥ What does each table in a database represent? Answer: An object or
entity in the real world.
⩥ What do columns in a database table store? Answer: Attributes
associated with the entity.
⩥ What does each row in a database table represent? Answer: One
instance of the entity.
,⩥ What is the purpose of entity relationship (ER) modeling? Answer: To
model a database system after a real-world system.
⩥ What is the second step in the data structure design process? Answer:
Subdivide each element into its smallest useful components.
⩥ What is the role of primary and foreign keys in database design?
Answer: They define the relationships between tables.
⩥ What is normalization in database design? Answer: The process of
reducing data redundancy.
⩥ What is the final step in designing a data structure? Answer: Identify
the indexes needed for each table.
⩥ How can you identify data elements required by a system? Answer:
By analyzing existing systems, evaluating comparable systems, and
interviewing users.
⩥ What type of information does an invoice typically contain? Answer:
Information about vendors, invoices, and line items.
⩥ What are some examples of data elements identified on an invoice?
Answer: Vendor name, invoice date, item part number, invoice total.
, ⩥ Why is it important to consider the information your system needs to
track? Answer: To determine what data elements to include in the
database.
⩥ What should you do when dividing a name into components? Answer:
Separate it into first name and last name for easier operations.
⩥ When might you need to divide a single string into multiple
components? Answer: When the components are used separately in
operations.
⩥ What is a common practice for storing addresses in a database?
Answer: Store street number and street name in a single column.
⩥ What is the importance of understanding naming styles in database
design? Answer: To appropriately handle names from different cultures.
⩥ What is the benefit of using documents from existing systems in
database design? Answer: They provide valuable information for
identifying data elements.
⩥ What is the purpose of reviewing whether the data structure is
normalized? Answer: To ensure data redundancy is minimized.