CMN 101 FINAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What do CMC and HCI stand for and what are the definitions of each? - Answer -
Computer mediated communication and human-computer interactions. Modern
technologies increasingly allow emotions to be communicated in sophisticated ways
through electronic devices and screens, both between people being physically apart
from each-CMC- and between people and computers--HCI CMC is when you're on FB,
facetime, using a mechanism to talk to a human.
Human Computer Interaction - Robots that interact with people.
What are the three different ways in which human experience emotion? - Answer -1.
The subjective experience of having an emotion: "I am having an emotion"
2. The physiological response accompanying most emotions: Blushing, increased
heartbeat, butterflies in the stomach
3. Visible, audible, or behavioral expressions of emotions: tears, laughter, clenching
first.
What are the definitions for the following emotion related concepts? - Answer -Affect
Mood
Prototypical emotion
Basic Emotions
Feelings
Affect - Answer -used as a broader concept than emotion, generally covers the various
forms of emotional phenomena and often used to distinguish the affective state from
cognition. Affect has varying degrees and is conceptualized as a longer lasting
phenomenon than emotion.
Mood - Answer -this term is often applied to an enduring affective state, characterized
by globality and not clearly elicited by an external event.
Prototypical emotions - Answer -These types of emotions are what most people
consider clearest cases of emotion types life grief and happiness
Basic emotions - Answer -Certain emotions are universal, biologically basic, and "given
by nature" (anger, sadness, fear, happiness, disgust)
Feelings - Answer -Differ from emotions in that there is not an action tendency. This
word is typically used to express one's emotion, or to refer to the subjective experience
of having an emotion.
What do "cognitive appraisal theories" suggest? - Answer -A certain understanding of
the emotionalizing event or situation is deemed necessary for an emotion to occur. In
the appraisal view, emotions are defined in view of individual goals. Hence, when no
relevant concern is touched by an event, no emotion will occur. Example: When I see a
,bear, I will only experience fear if I understand its particular threats to my well-being.
These theories deemphasize the bodily sources of emotions and favor the way we
cognitively appraise stimulus events.
Why are physiological cues seen as strong, "objective" indicators for emotional
experience? (67) - Answer -Physiological reactions are typically viewed as non-
voluntary. So, they are more believable.
Which of the nonverbal cue categories are considered to be fundamental in
communicating emotions? - Answer -Facial expressions, language, and vocalic
signifiers are strong vehicles for reading another's inner states—but, those expressions
do not necessarily represent true underlying emotions. We often engage in emotional
displays for social reasons, not because we are truly experiencing the emotion.
Probably not on test !!
What is the difference between a "communicative act" and an "emotional expression?" -
Answer -Emotional expression, which is accessible to others, should be clearly
distinguished from the subjective experience of the emotion itself, which is not readily
accessible to others. Humans
are creative in communicating their emotions in such a way as to make others believe
the communicated cues refer to genuinely felt corresponding emotional states.
Emotional expression does not mean that is what someone is experiencing.We put up
a fassaud. Emotion is a socially constructed concept. We will put on whatever face to
look like we are in an appropriate place. That would be NAIVE. Taking us at face value.
Communicative act - im communicating to you that I am feeling some sort of way.
What are the various functions of emotions discussed? (68-69) What are emotional
displays? - Answer ---Emotions are known to function on biological and adaptive
reasons, but also on social and communicative functions.
--Facial expressions are most often studied as communicating emotion.
--Human systems seem to be hardwired to respond to the emotional displays of others;
promoting a system of social support.
--Communicating one's emotional state helps to shape social interactions. And,
mirroring the emotional state expressed may positively influence interactions. Emotional
displays regulate communication.
What are the three goals for research in affective computing? - Answer ---Designing
ways for people to communicate their emotional states to computers.
--Creating new techniques to assess a user's mood, frustration, and stress indirectly,
through natural interaction and conversation.
--Showing how computers can look more emotionally intelligent—for example, by
responding to a person's frustration such that it reduces negative feelings. In addition,
virtual humans "showing emotion" may increase the user's likeability of a system. The
positive effects of showing empathetic emotions is repeatedly demonstrated in human-
, human communication. Such positive effects may also hold when communicating with
virtual humans.
What were the three applications of affective computing? - Answer -Healthcare,
psychotherapy, and education.
What are the ways in which virtual humans may be able to detect user emotions? -
Answer ---Self-report systems
--Sensors
--Touching devices
What does "naïve psychology" mean? - Answer -Taking nonverbal cues as the
emotions themselves. Most people have an intuitive and inherent understanding of what
emotions are. In naïve psychology, emotions are placed opposite to cognition, or
basically reflect physiological "disturbances" in which activated experiences are
discerned from the deactivated. However, emotions are phenomena to be studied are
so complex that even emotion theorists do not agree on a definition. Recently, however,
some consensus appears to have been put forward that emotions, cognitions, and
physiology are intrinsically intertwined.
Emotional Intelligence - Answer -A kind of emotional sophistication that involves
- Knowing one's own emotions
- IN 12 angry men - the man who was constantly yelling at everyone, because he didn't
know his personal emotions so he yelled at everyone else.
- Managing one's emotions/controlling emotional impulses
- Motivating oneself: The man who just wanted to go to the baseball game so he wanted
to leave.
- Empathy - recognizing emotions in others
- When the man said but he is only 12 years old.
- Handling relationships - ability to resolve conflicts and negotiate disagreements
-When you're able to stand your perspective but listen to others too.
Emotional brain vs reasoning brain (the neocortex) - Answer -The reasoning brain
enables us to "think our feelings"
- Frontal lobe is there to make us more advanced than animals
Signal Reaction (knee jerk reaction) vs Delayed (thoughtful) reaction - Answer -- Also
thought of as a "functional" reaction. Thinking things through before reacting
- One guy is very emotional.
Semantic Relaxation - Answer -When we disengage from interacting with others; or
stop engaging in other symbolic experiences. (taking a hike in the wilderness by
yourself or in silence with others in semantic relaxation)
- Kind of like niagra of words
What do CMC and HCI stand for and what are the definitions of each? - Answer -
Computer mediated communication and human-computer interactions. Modern
technologies increasingly allow emotions to be communicated in sophisticated ways
through electronic devices and screens, both between people being physically apart
from each-CMC- and between people and computers--HCI CMC is when you're on FB,
facetime, using a mechanism to talk to a human.
Human Computer Interaction - Robots that interact with people.
What are the three different ways in which human experience emotion? - Answer -1.
The subjective experience of having an emotion: "I am having an emotion"
2. The physiological response accompanying most emotions: Blushing, increased
heartbeat, butterflies in the stomach
3. Visible, audible, or behavioral expressions of emotions: tears, laughter, clenching
first.
What are the definitions for the following emotion related concepts? - Answer -Affect
Mood
Prototypical emotion
Basic Emotions
Feelings
Affect - Answer -used as a broader concept than emotion, generally covers the various
forms of emotional phenomena and often used to distinguish the affective state from
cognition. Affect has varying degrees and is conceptualized as a longer lasting
phenomenon than emotion.
Mood - Answer -this term is often applied to an enduring affective state, characterized
by globality and not clearly elicited by an external event.
Prototypical emotions - Answer -These types of emotions are what most people
consider clearest cases of emotion types life grief and happiness
Basic emotions - Answer -Certain emotions are universal, biologically basic, and "given
by nature" (anger, sadness, fear, happiness, disgust)
Feelings - Answer -Differ from emotions in that there is not an action tendency. This
word is typically used to express one's emotion, or to refer to the subjective experience
of having an emotion.
What do "cognitive appraisal theories" suggest? - Answer -A certain understanding of
the emotionalizing event or situation is deemed necessary for an emotion to occur. In
the appraisal view, emotions are defined in view of individual goals. Hence, when no
relevant concern is touched by an event, no emotion will occur. Example: When I see a
,bear, I will only experience fear if I understand its particular threats to my well-being.
These theories deemphasize the bodily sources of emotions and favor the way we
cognitively appraise stimulus events.
Why are physiological cues seen as strong, "objective" indicators for emotional
experience? (67) - Answer -Physiological reactions are typically viewed as non-
voluntary. So, they are more believable.
Which of the nonverbal cue categories are considered to be fundamental in
communicating emotions? - Answer -Facial expressions, language, and vocalic
signifiers are strong vehicles for reading another's inner states—but, those expressions
do not necessarily represent true underlying emotions. We often engage in emotional
displays for social reasons, not because we are truly experiencing the emotion.
Probably not on test !!
What is the difference between a "communicative act" and an "emotional expression?" -
Answer -Emotional expression, which is accessible to others, should be clearly
distinguished from the subjective experience of the emotion itself, which is not readily
accessible to others. Humans
are creative in communicating their emotions in such a way as to make others believe
the communicated cues refer to genuinely felt corresponding emotional states.
Emotional expression does not mean that is what someone is experiencing.We put up
a fassaud. Emotion is a socially constructed concept. We will put on whatever face to
look like we are in an appropriate place. That would be NAIVE. Taking us at face value.
Communicative act - im communicating to you that I am feeling some sort of way.
What are the various functions of emotions discussed? (68-69) What are emotional
displays? - Answer ---Emotions are known to function on biological and adaptive
reasons, but also on social and communicative functions.
--Facial expressions are most often studied as communicating emotion.
--Human systems seem to be hardwired to respond to the emotional displays of others;
promoting a system of social support.
--Communicating one's emotional state helps to shape social interactions. And,
mirroring the emotional state expressed may positively influence interactions. Emotional
displays regulate communication.
What are the three goals for research in affective computing? - Answer ---Designing
ways for people to communicate their emotional states to computers.
--Creating new techniques to assess a user's mood, frustration, and stress indirectly,
through natural interaction and conversation.
--Showing how computers can look more emotionally intelligent—for example, by
responding to a person's frustration such that it reduces negative feelings. In addition,
virtual humans "showing emotion" may increase the user's likeability of a system. The
positive effects of showing empathetic emotions is repeatedly demonstrated in human-
, human communication. Such positive effects may also hold when communicating with
virtual humans.
What were the three applications of affective computing? - Answer -Healthcare,
psychotherapy, and education.
What are the ways in which virtual humans may be able to detect user emotions? -
Answer ---Self-report systems
--Sensors
--Touching devices
What does "naïve psychology" mean? - Answer -Taking nonverbal cues as the
emotions themselves. Most people have an intuitive and inherent understanding of what
emotions are. In naïve psychology, emotions are placed opposite to cognition, or
basically reflect physiological "disturbances" in which activated experiences are
discerned from the deactivated. However, emotions are phenomena to be studied are
so complex that even emotion theorists do not agree on a definition. Recently, however,
some consensus appears to have been put forward that emotions, cognitions, and
physiology are intrinsically intertwined.
Emotional Intelligence - Answer -A kind of emotional sophistication that involves
- Knowing one's own emotions
- IN 12 angry men - the man who was constantly yelling at everyone, because he didn't
know his personal emotions so he yelled at everyone else.
- Managing one's emotions/controlling emotional impulses
- Motivating oneself: The man who just wanted to go to the baseball game so he wanted
to leave.
- Empathy - recognizing emotions in others
- When the man said but he is only 12 years old.
- Handling relationships - ability to resolve conflicts and negotiate disagreements
-When you're able to stand your perspective but listen to others too.
Emotional brain vs reasoning brain (the neocortex) - Answer -The reasoning brain
enables us to "think our feelings"
- Frontal lobe is there to make us more advanced than animals
Signal Reaction (knee jerk reaction) vs Delayed (thoughtful) reaction - Answer -- Also
thought of as a "functional" reaction. Thinking things through before reacting
- One guy is very emotional.
Semantic Relaxation - Answer -When we disengage from interacting with others; or
stop engaging in other symbolic experiences. (taking a hike in the wilderness by
yourself or in silence with others in semantic relaxation)
- Kind of like niagra of words
