Psych 100 PSU (2025) comprehensive questions
and verified answers ( detailed & elaborated)
ACTUAL EXAM 2025 TEST!!
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Terms in this set (243)
Classical Conditioning A learning process where a neutral stimulus
becomes associated with a meaningful stimulus,
eliciting a conditioned response.
Unconditioned Stimulus (US) A stimulus that naturally triggers a response
without prior learning (e.g., food causing salivation).
Unconditioned Response (UR) A natural, unlearned reaction to an unconditioned
stimulus (e.g., salivation in response to food).
Neutral Stimulus (NS) A stimulus that initially does not elicit any specific
response until paired with an unconditioned
stimulus.
Conditioned Stimulus (CS) A previously neutral stimulus that, after association
with an unconditioned stimulus, elicits a
conditioned response.
Conditioned Response (CR) A learned response to a conditioned stimulus (e.g.,
salivation to a bell after conditioning).
, Stimulus Generalization When a response to one stimulus is elicited by
similar stimuli (e.g., salivating to tones similar to a
conditioned bell).
Operant Conditioning A learning process where behavior is influenced by
consequences such as reinforcement or
punishment.
Reinforcement A consequence that increases the likelihood of a
behavior being repeated.
Shaping Gradually guiding behavior toward a desired goal
by reinforcing successive approximations.
Positive Reinforcement Adding a desirable stimulus to increase the
likelihood of a behavior (e.g., giving a treat for
good behavior).
Negative Reinforcement Removing an aversive stimulus to increase the
likelihood of a behavior (e.g., turning off a loud
alarm after waking up).
Reinforcement Schedules Patterns that define how often a desired behavior is
reinforced.
Partial Schedules Reinforcement occurs only part of the time, which
makes behavior more resistant to extinction.
Fixed Interval Schedule Reinforcement is given after a fixed amount of time
(e.g., weekly paychecks).
Variable Interval Schedule Reinforcement is given at unpredictable time
intervals (e.g., checking for emails).
and verified answers ( detailed & elaborated)
ACTUAL EXAM 2025 TEST!!
Save
Terms in this set (243)
Classical Conditioning A learning process where a neutral stimulus
becomes associated with a meaningful stimulus,
eliciting a conditioned response.
Unconditioned Stimulus (US) A stimulus that naturally triggers a response
without prior learning (e.g., food causing salivation).
Unconditioned Response (UR) A natural, unlearned reaction to an unconditioned
stimulus (e.g., salivation in response to food).
Neutral Stimulus (NS) A stimulus that initially does not elicit any specific
response until paired with an unconditioned
stimulus.
Conditioned Stimulus (CS) A previously neutral stimulus that, after association
with an unconditioned stimulus, elicits a
conditioned response.
Conditioned Response (CR) A learned response to a conditioned stimulus (e.g.,
salivation to a bell after conditioning).
, Stimulus Generalization When a response to one stimulus is elicited by
similar stimuli (e.g., salivating to tones similar to a
conditioned bell).
Operant Conditioning A learning process where behavior is influenced by
consequences such as reinforcement or
punishment.
Reinforcement A consequence that increases the likelihood of a
behavior being repeated.
Shaping Gradually guiding behavior toward a desired goal
by reinforcing successive approximations.
Positive Reinforcement Adding a desirable stimulus to increase the
likelihood of a behavior (e.g., giving a treat for
good behavior).
Negative Reinforcement Removing an aversive stimulus to increase the
likelihood of a behavior (e.g., turning off a loud
alarm after waking up).
Reinforcement Schedules Patterns that define how often a desired behavior is
reinforced.
Partial Schedules Reinforcement occurs only part of the time, which
makes behavior more resistant to extinction.
Fixed Interval Schedule Reinforcement is given after a fixed amount of time
(e.g., weekly paychecks).
Variable Interval Schedule Reinforcement is given at unpredictable time
intervals (e.g., checking for emails).
