MGMT 340 FINAL QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
What are the four managerial functions? - Answer -Planning, Organizing, Leading,
Controlling (POLC)
What are Mintzberg's three managerial roles? - Answer -Interpersonal, Informational,
Decisional
What are the three essential managerial skills? - Answer -Technical, Human,
Conceptual
What does the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) measure? - Answer -Personality
based on four dimensions producing 16 types
What are the four MBTI dimensions? - Answer -Extraversion-Introversion; Sensing-
Intuition; Thinking-Feeling; Judging-Perceiving
What are the Big Five personality traits? - Answer -Openness, Conscientiousness,
Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism
What is attribution theory? - Answer -Explains how people determine the causes of
behavior (internal vs external)
What is the fundamental attribution error? - Answer -Overemphasizing internal factors
while underestimating external factors
What is the main difference between work groups and work teams? - Answer -Groups
share information; teams share goals and responsibility
What are the main types of teams? - Answer -Problem-solving, Self-managed, Cross-
functional, Virtual
What contextual factors create effective teams? - Answer -Resources, leadership, trust,
reward systems
What composition factors affect team effectiveness? - Answer -Skills, roles, diversity,
size
What process factors affect team effectiveness? - Answer -Communication, trust,
conflict management, accountability
What are the key roles in teams? - Answer -Task roles, social roles, boundary-
spanning roles
, How does leadership differ from management? - Answer -Leadership focuses on vision
and change; management focuses on planning and stability
What are common power tactics? - Answer -Rational persuasion, legitimacy, pressure,
coalition, consultation
What factors influence political behavior? - Answer -Scarce resources, ambiguity,
performance evaluation, organizational culture
What are defensive behaviors? - Answer -Actions to protect self-image (scapegoating,
avoiding blame, playing dumb)
What are the five stages of the conflict process? - Answer -Potential opposition,
cognition and personalization, intentions, behavior, outcomes
What is distributive bargaining? - Answer -Win-lose negotiation over a fixed resource
What is integrative bargaining? - Answer -Win-win negotiation focusing on mutual gains
What are the five steps in the negotiation process? - Answer -Preparation, ground
rules, clarification, bargaining, closure and implementation
What are the six elements of organizational structure? - Answer -Work specialization,
departmentalization, chain of command, span of control, centralization, formalization
What is a simple organizational structure? - Answer -Low complexity, centralized
authority, few rules
What defines a bureaucracy? - Answer -High formalization, standardized rules, clear
hierarchy
What is a matrix structure? - Answer -Dual reporting relationships (functional and
product)
What is a virtual organization? - Answer -Outsources major functions and relies on
technology
What is a boundaryless organization? - Answer -Eliminates vertical, horizontal, and
external boundaries
What does situational leadership theory suggest? - Answer -Leadership style should
match followers' readiness level
What determines leadership effectiveness in Fiedler's contingency model? - Answer -
Leader-member relations, task structure, position power
What are the four managerial functions? - Answer -Planning, Organizing, Leading,
Controlling (POLC)
What are Mintzberg's three managerial roles? - Answer -Interpersonal, Informational,
Decisional
What are the three essential managerial skills? - Answer -Technical, Human,
Conceptual
What does the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) measure? - Answer -Personality
based on four dimensions producing 16 types
What are the four MBTI dimensions? - Answer -Extraversion-Introversion; Sensing-
Intuition; Thinking-Feeling; Judging-Perceiving
What are the Big Five personality traits? - Answer -Openness, Conscientiousness,
Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism
What is attribution theory? - Answer -Explains how people determine the causes of
behavior (internal vs external)
What is the fundamental attribution error? - Answer -Overemphasizing internal factors
while underestimating external factors
What is the main difference between work groups and work teams? - Answer -Groups
share information; teams share goals and responsibility
What are the main types of teams? - Answer -Problem-solving, Self-managed, Cross-
functional, Virtual
What contextual factors create effective teams? - Answer -Resources, leadership, trust,
reward systems
What composition factors affect team effectiveness? - Answer -Skills, roles, diversity,
size
What process factors affect team effectiveness? - Answer -Communication, trust,
conflict management, accountability
What are the key roles in teams? - Answer -Task roles, social roles, boundary-
spanning roles
, How does leadership differ from management? - Answer -Leadership focuses on vision
and change; management focuses on planning and stability
What are common power tactics? - Answer -Rational persuasion, legitimacy, pressure,
coalition, consultation
What factors influence political behavior? - Answer -Scarce resources, ambiguity,
performance evaluation, organizational culture
What are defensive behaviors? - Answer -Actions to protect self-image (scapegoating,
avoiding blame, playing dumb)
What are the five stages of the conflict process? - Answer -Potential opposition,
cognition and personalization, intentions, behavior, outcomes
What is distributive bargaining? - Answer -Win-lose negotiation over a fixed resource
What is integrative bargaining? - Answer -Win-win negotiation focusing on mutual gains
What are the five steps in the negotiation process? - Answer -Preparation, ground
rules, clarification, bargaining, closure and implementation
What are the six elements of organizational structure? - Answer -Work specialization,
departmentalization, chain of command, span of control, centralization, formalization
What is a simple organizational structure? - Answer -Low complexity, centralized
authority, few rules
What defines a bureaucracy? - Answer -High formalization, standardized rules, clear
hierarchy
What is a matrix structure? - Answer -Dual reporting relationships (functional and
product)
What is a virtual organization? - Answer -Outsources major functions and relies on
technology
What is a boundaryless organization? - Answer -Eliminates vertical, horizontal, and
external boundaries
What does situational leadership theory suggest? - Answer -Leadership style should
match followers' readiness level
What determines leadership effectiveness in Fiedler's contingency model? - Answer -
Leader-member relations, task structure, position power
