A2 Level Psychology 1ST EDITION BY Michael W
Eysenck TEST BANK
classical conditioning - answer-learning through association
operant conditioning - answer-learning through consequences
behaviourist approach - answer-explains behaviour in terms of observation and
learning
reinforcement - answer-consequence of behaviour that increases likelihood of
that behaviour being repeated (can be positive or negative)
social learning theory - answer-explains behaviour with direct and indirect
reinforcement
imitation - answer-copying the behaviour of others
Cognitive - answer-process of thinking - knowing, percieving, believing
,Behavioural characteristics of phobias - answer-panic, avoidance, endurance
Emotional characteristics of phobias - answer-anxiety
cognitive characteristics of phobias - answer-selective attention, irrational beliefs,
cognitive distortions
Depression - answer-mental disorder characterised by low mood and low energy
levels
Behavioural characteristics of depression - answer-activity levels, disruption to
sleep and eating behaviour, aggression and self harm
Emotional characteristics of depression - answer-lowered mood, anger, lowered
self-esteem
Cognitive characteristics of depression - answer-poor concentration, dwelling on
the negative, absolutist thinking
Obsessive compulsive disorder - answer-condition characterised by obsessions
and/o compulsive behaviour
Behavioural characteristics of OCD - answer-compulsions (repetitive and reduce
anxiety), avoidance
Emotional characteristics of OCD - answer-anxiety and distress, accompanying to
depression, guilt and disgust
,Cognitive characteristics of OCD - answer-obsessive thought, cognitive strategies
to cope, insight into excessive anxiety
The two-process model to explaining phobias - answer-phobias are acquired by
classical conditioning and maintained by operant conditioning
Systematic desensitisation - answer-behavioural therapy to reduce an unwanted
response to a stimulus by using reserved classical conditioning
Flooding - answer-a treatment for phobias in which clients are exposed
repeatedly and intensively to a feared object and made to see that it is actually
harmless
Becks three parts of cognitive vulnerability to depression - answer-faulty
information processing, negative self-schemas, the negative triad
Negative triad - answer-negative views of the self, the world, and the future
ABC model - answer-Ellis proposed that depression occurs when an activating
event (A) triggers an irrational belief (B) which in turn produces a consequence (C)
cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) - answer-method for treating mental disorders
based on cognitive and behavioural techniques
Ellis' rational emotive behaviour therapy (REBT) - answer-extends the ABC model
to an ABCDE model - D standing for dispute and E standing for effective
, Genetic explanations for OCD - answer-candidate genes, OCD is polygenic,
different types of OCD
diathesis-stress model - answer-a diagnostic model that proposes that a disorder
may develop when an underlying vulnerability is coupled with an event
Neural explanations for OCD - answer-role of serotonin (lower levels = lower
mood), decision making systems (not making rational decisions)
Drug therapy for treating OCD - answer-treatment that involves drugs that affect
the balance of chemicals within the brain
SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) - answer-antidepressant drug that
prevents the reabsorption and breakdown of serotonin which effectively
increases the amount of serotonin that reaches the brain
Combining SSRIs with other treatments - answer-SSRIs reduce the patients
emotional symptoms which means that they can engage more effectively with
CBT
Tricyclics - answer-has the same affect as SSRIs but more severe side effects -
tends to be used on patients who dont respond to SSRI treatment
SNRIs (serotonin noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors) - answer-increases levels of
serotonin and noradrenaline (hormone that slows heart rate and causes an
inhibitatory reaction)
Eysenck TEST BANK
classical conditioning - answer-learning through association
operant conditioning - answer-learning through consequences
behaviourist approach - answer-explains behaviour in terms of observation and
learning
reinforcement - answer-consequence of behaviour that increases likelihood of
that behaviour being repeated (can be positive or negative)
social learning theory - answer-explains behaviour with direct and indirect
reinforcement
imitation - answer-copying the behaviour of others
Cognitive - answer-process of thinking - knowing, percieving, believing
,Behavioural characteristics of phobias - answer-panic, avoidance, endurance
Emotional characteristics of phobias - answer-anxiety
cognitive characteristics of phobias - answer-selective attention, irrational beliefs,
cognitive distortions
Depression - answer-mental disorder characterised by low mood and low energy
levels
Behavioural characteristics of depression - answer-activity levels, disruption to
sleep and eating behaviour, aggression and self harm
Emotional characteristics of depression - answer-lowered mood, anger, lowered
self-esteem
Cognitive characteristics of depression - answer-poor concentration, dwelling on
the negative, absolutist thinking
Obsessive compulsive disorder - answer-condition characterised by obsessions
and/o compulsive behaviour
Behavioural characteristics of OCD - answer-compulsions (repetitive and reduce
anxiety), avoidance
Emotional characteristics of OCD - answer-anxiety and distress, accompanying to
depression, guilt and disgust
,Cognitive characteristics of OCD - answer-obsessive thought, cognitive strategies
to cope, insight into excessive anxiety
The two-process model to explaining phobias - answer-phobias are acquired by
classical conditioning and maintained by operant conditioning
Systematic desensitisation - answer-behavioural therapy to reduce an unwanted
response to a stimulus by using reserved classical conditioning
Flooding - answer-a treatment for phobias in which clients are exposed
repeatedly and intensively to a feared object and made to see that it is actually
harmless
Becks three parts of cognitive vulnerability to depression - answer-faulty
information processing, negative self-schemas, the negative triad
Negative triad - answer-negative views of the self, the world, and the future
ABC model - answer-Ellis proposed that depression occurs when an activating
event (A) triggers an irrational belief (B) which in turn produces a consequence (C)
cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) - answer-method for treating mental disorders
based on cognitive and behavioural techniques
Ellis' rational emotive behaviour therapy (REBT) - answer-extends the ABC model
to an ABCDE model - D standing for dispute and E standing for effective
, Genetic explanations for OCD - answer-candidate genes, OCD is polygenic,
different types of OCD
diathesis-stress model - answer-a diagnostic model that proposes that a disorder
may develop when an underlying vulnerability is coupled with an event
Neural explanations for OCD - answer-role of serotonin (lower levels = lower
mood), decision making systems (not making rational decisions)
Drug therapy for treating OCD - answer-treatment that involves drugs that affect
the balance of chemicals within the brain
SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) - answer-antidepressant drug that
prevents the reabsorption and breakdown of serotonin which effectively
increases the amount of serotonin that reaches the brain
Combining SSRIs with other treatments - answer-SSRIs reduce the patients
emotional symptoms which means that they can engage more effectively with
CBT
Tricyclics - answer-has the same affect as SSRIs but more severe side effects -
tends to be used on patients who dont respond to SSRI treatment
SNRIs (serotonin noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors) - answer-increases levels of
serotonin and noradrenaline (hormone that slows heart rate and causes an
inhibitatory reaction)
