NIOS Bio Chapter 4 - Cell
Structure Comprehensive
Questions with Verified
Answers Graded A+
1. Anton van Leeuwenhoek Answer: Invented the microscope
2. Robert Hooke Answer: first to observe "small chambers" in cork and call them cells.
3. Robert Brown Answer: Discovered the importance of the cell nucleus. 1800's.
4. MJ Schleiden and Theodore Schwann Answer: discovered the cell theory
5. cell Answer: The basic unit of structure and function in living things
6. protoplasm Answer: The substance that makes up the living parts of cells, liquid
7. Organelle Answer: A tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function within the cell
8. Prokaryote Answer: A unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus and membrane bound
organelles
9. Eukaryote Answer: A cell that contains a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
10. Svedberg unit Answer: unit of molecule size based on the position that material
settles out in a centrifuge tube after spinning. Larger particles tend to settle out faster and so have
higher Svedberg values.
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, 11. plant cell Answer: contains a cell wall, chloroplast and large vacuole
12. animal cell Answer: does not have a cell wall or chloroplast and a small vacuole
13. cell membrane Answer: A cell structure that controls which substances can enter or
leave the cell.
14. fluid mosaic model Answer: model that describes the arrangement and movement
of the molecules that make up a cell membrane
15. peripheral proteins Answer: The proteins of a membrane that are not embedded in
the lipid bilayer; they are appendages loosely bound to the surface of the membrane.
16. lipid bilayer Answer: flexible double-layered sheet that makes up the cell membrane
and forms a barrier between the cell and its surroundings
17. selectively permeable Answer: a property of cell membranes that allows some
substances to pass through, while others cannot
18. Diffusion Answer: Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an
area of lower concentration.
19. Osmosis Answer: Dittusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane
20. active transport Answer: Energy-requiring process that moves material across a cell
membrane against a concen- tration ditterence
21. passive transport Answer: the movement of substances across a cell membrane
without the use of energy by the cell
22. Endocytosis Answer: process by which a cell takes material into the cell by infolding of
the cell membrane
23. Phagocytosis Answer: process in which extensions of cytoplasm surround and engulf
large particles and take them into the cell
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Structure Comprehensive
Questions with Verified
Answers Graded A+
1. Anton van Leeuwenhoek Answer: Invented the microscope
2. Robert Hooke Answer: first to observe "small chambers" in cork and call them cells.
3. Robert Brown Answer: Discovered the importance of the cell nucleus. 1800's.
4. MJ Schleiden and Theodore Schwann Answer: discovered the cell theory
5. cell Answer: The basic unit of structure and function in living things
6. protoplasm Answer: The substance that makes up the living parts of cells, liquid
7. Organelle Answer: A tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function within the cell
8. Prokaryote Answer: A unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus and membrane bound
organelles
9. Eukaryote Answer: A cell that contains a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
10. Svedberg unit Answer: unit of molecule size based on the position that material
settles out in a centrifuge tube after spinning. Larger particles tend to settle out faster and so have
higher Svedberg values.
1/
11
, 11. plant cell Answer: contains a cell wall, chloroplast and large vacuole
12. animal cell Answer: does not have a cell wall or chloroplast and a small vacuole
13. cell membrane Answer: A cell structure that controls which substances can enter or
leave the cell.
14. fluid mosaic model Answer: model that describes the arrangement and movement
of the molecules that make up a cell membrane
15. peripheral proteins Answer: The proteins of a membrane that are not embedded in
the lipid bilayer; they are appendages loosely bound to the surface of the membrane.
16. lipid bilayer Answer: flexible double-layered sheet that makes up the cell membrane
and forms a barrier between the cell and its surroundings
17. selectively permeable Answer: a property of cell membranes that allows some
substances to pass through, while others cannot
18. Diffusion Answer: Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an
area of lower concentration.
19. Osmosis Answer: Dittusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane
20. active transport Answer: Energy-requiring process that moves material across a cell
membrane against a concen- tration ditterence
21. passive transport Answer: the movement of substances across a cell membrane
without the use of energy by the cell
22. Endocytosis Answer: process by which a cell takes material into the cell by infolding of
the cell membrane
23. Phagocytosis Answer: process in which extensions of cytoplasm surround and engulf
large particles and take them into the cell
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