BIOL 2457 EXAM 1 CHAPTERS 1-5 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE
2025/2026
The analysis of the internal structure of individual cells is called - Answers cytology
Which organ system includes the spleen and the tonsils? - Answers lymphatic
The pituitary gland and the thyroid gland are organs of the _______ system - Answers endocrine
If a response increases a disturbance (stimulus), the system is classified as a ______ feedback
system - Answers positive
The wrist is _____ to th elbow - Answers distal
The chin is _______ to the nose - Answers inferior
Which of the following terms refers to the foot? - Answers pedal
A midsaggital section would pass through the - Answers heart
While standing erect, the direction of the caudal is - Answers downward
The muscle known as the diaphragm separates the ____ from the _____ - Answers thoracic
cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity
If an isotope of oxygen has 9 protons, 10 neutrons, and 8 electrons, its mass number is -
Answers 18
The chemical behavior of an atom is determined by - Answers the outermost electron shell
All of the following are true about enzymes, except that they - Answers are consumed during the
reaction
In dehydration reactions, compounds - Answers lose water molecules
A solution containing equal numbers of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions is - Answers neutral
Hydrophilic molecules readily associate with - Answers water molecules
The alpha-helix and pleated sheets are examples of _______ protein structure - Answers
secondary
Lipids - Answers *all of the above*
-Form essential structural components of cells
-Provide roughly twice the energy as carbohydrates
, -Help to maintain body temperature
-Cushion against shocks
A nucleotide consists of - Answers a five-carbon sugar, a nitrogenous base, and a phosphate
group
What is needed to form a triglyceride molecule? - Answers *both b and c*
1 glycerol
3 fatty acid
If an animal cell lacked centrioles, it would not be able to - Answers form the mitotic spindle
Synthesis of lipids and glycogen takes place at the - Answers smooth ER
Which of the following cytoskeleton components moves the chromosomes during cell division?
- Answers microtubules
If a cell lacked the enzyme DNA polymerase, it could not - Answers form complimentary
sequences of DNA
Before the mRNA transcribed from a gene can be used to translate into a protein, it must be -
Answers *both A and C*
-edited to remove introns
-transported into the cytoplasm
The principal cations in our body fluids are ________ and ________. - Answers sodium and
potassium
If the concentration of sodium chloride in the interstitial fluid surrounding cells decreases and
the concentration of other solutes remains constant, ________ - Answers the cells will swell
A solution that contains a lower osmotic pressure than the cytoplasm of a cell is called -
Answers hypotonic
Hemolysis may occur when a blood cell is placed into - Answers hypotonic solution
During this phase of cell division, the chromosomes uncoil, the nuclear membrane forms, and
cytokinesis occurs - Answers telophase
Mesothelium is to the body cavities as endothelium is to the - Answers heart and blood vessels
2025/2026
The analysis of the internal structure of individual cells is called - Answers cytology
Which organ system includes the spleen and the tonsils? - Answers lymphatic
The pituitary gland and the thyroid gland are organs of the _______ system - Answers endocrine
If a response increases a disturbance (stimulus), the system is classified as a ______ feedback
system - Answers positive
The wrist is _____ to th elbow - Answers distal
The chin is _______ to the nose - Answers inferior
Which of the following terms refers to the foot? - Answers pedal
A midsaggital section would pass through the - Answers heart
While standing erect, the direction of the caudal is - Answers downward
The muscle known as the diaphragm separates the ____ from the _____ - Answers thoracic
cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity
If an isotope of oxygen has 9 protons, 10 neutrons, and 8 electrons, its mass number is -
Answers 18
The chemical behavior of an atom is determined by - Answers the outermost electron shell
All of the following are true about enzymes, except that they - Answers are consumed during the
reaction
In dehydration reactions, compounds - Answers lose water molecules
A solution containing equal numbers of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions is - Answers neutral
Hydrophilic molecules readily associate with - Answers water molecules
The alpha-helix and pleated sheets are examples of _______ protein structure - Answers
secondary
Lipids - Answers *all of the above*
-Form essential structural components of cells
-Provide roughly twice the energy as carbohydrates
, -Help to maintain body temperature
-Cushion against shocks
A nucleotide consists of - Answers a five-carbon sugar, a nitrogenous base, and a phosphate
group
What is needed to form a triglyceride molecule? - Answers *both b and c*
1 glycerol
3 fatty acid
If an animal cell lacked centrioles, it would not be able to - Answers form the mitotic spindle
Synthesis of lipids and glycogen takes place at the - Answers smooth ER
Which of the following cytoskeleton components moves the chromosomes during cell division?
- Answers microtubules
If a cell lacked the enzyme DNA polymerase, it could not - Answers form complimentary
sequences of DNA
Before the mRNA transcribed from a gene can be used to translate into a protein, it must be -
Answers *both A and C*
-edited to remove introns
-transported into the cytoplasm
The principal cations in our body fluids are ________ and ________. - Answers sodium and
potassium
If the concentration of sodium chloride in the interstitial fluid surrounding cells decreases and
the concentration of other solutes remains constant, ________ - Answers the cells will swell
A solution that contains a lower osmotic pressure than the cytoplasm of a cell is called -
Answers hypotonic
Hemolysis may occur when a blood cell is placed into - Answers hypotonic solution
During this phase of cell division, the chromosomes uncoil, the nuclear membrane forms, and
cytokinesis occurs - Answers telophase
Mesothelium is to the body cavities as endothelium is to the - Answers heart and blood vessels
