Test Bank - Applied Pathophysiology-A Conceptual Approach, 4th Edition (Nath, 9781975179199), Chapter 1-20 | Rationals Included

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Answers after every chapter
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Chapter 1 Introduction to Pathophysiology
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1. The nucleus ff , which is essential for function and survival of the cell.
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A) is the site of protein synthesis
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B) contains the genetic code ff ff ff




C) transforms cellular energy ff ff




D) initiates aerobic metabolism ff ff




2. Although energy is not made in mitochondria, they are known as the powe
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r plants of the cell because they:
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A) contain RNA for protein synthesis.
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B) utilize glycolysis for oxidative energy.
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C) extract energy from organic compounds.
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D) store calcium bonds for muscle contractions.
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3. Although the basic structure of the cell plasma membrane is formed by a lipi
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d bilayer, most of the specific membrane functions are carried out
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by:
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A) bound and transmembrane proteins.
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B) complex, long carbohydrate chains. ff ff ff

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C) surface antigens and hormone receptors.
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D) a gating system of selective ion channels.
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4. To effectively relay signals, cell-to-
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cell communication utilizes chemical messenger systems that:
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A) displace surface receptor proteins.
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B) accumulate within cell gap junctions.
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C) bind to contractile microfilaments.
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D) release secretions into extracellular fluid.
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5. Aerobic metabolism, also known as oxidative metabolism, provides energy by:
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A) removing the phosphate bonds from ATP. ff ff ff ff ff




B) combining hydrogen and oxygen to form water. ff ff ff ff ff ff




C) activating pyruvate stored in the cytoplasm. ff ff ff ff ff




D) breaking down glucose to form lactic acid. ff ff ff ff ff ff




6. Exocytosis, the reverse of endocytosis, is important in
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into the extracellula
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r fluid.
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A) Engulfing and ingesting fluid and proteins for transport ff ff ff ff ff ff ff




B) Killing, degrading, and dissolving harmful microorganisms
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C) Removing cellular debris and releasing synthesized substances ff ff ff ff ff ff




D) Destruction of particles by lysosomal enzymes for secretion ff ff ff ff ff ff ff




7. The process responsible for generating and conducting membrane potentials is:
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A) diffusion of current-carrying ions. f f ff ff




B) millivoltage of electrical potential. ff ff ff




C) polarization of charged particles. ff ff ff




D) ion channel neurotransmission.
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8. Epithelial tissues are classified according to the shape of the cells and the
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number of layers. Which of the following is a correctly matched descriptio
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n and type of epithelial tissue?
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A) Simple epithelium: cells in contact with intercellular matrix; some do no
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t extend to surface
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B) Stratified epithelium: single layer of cells; all cells rest on basemen
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t membrane
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C) Glandular epithelium: arise from surface epithelia and underlyin
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g connective tissue
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D) Pseudostratified epithelium: multiple layers of cells; deepest layer rests o ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff



n basement membrane
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9. Connective tissue contains fibroblasts that are responsible for:
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