BIOL 2401 Lab Practical 2 – Questions With Verified
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INBDE Orthodontics NBDE II Review - Prosthodontics Perio Study
201 terms 69 terms Teacher 78 terms
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Terms in this set (341)
composed of the skull, ear ossicles, hyoid bone, vertebral
axial skeleton
column, and thoracic cage
composed of the upper and lower limbs, pectoral and pelvic
appendicular skeleton
girdles
structural unit of compact bone, elongated hollow cylinders that
osteon
are parallel to long axis of a bone
Lamellae osteons are composed of rings called what?
contains blood vessels and nerves, runs through the center of
central canal
each osteon
lacunae small cavities between adjacent lamellae
aka bone cells, function is to nourish bone and calcium and
osteocytes
phosphorus homeostasis
small channels containing processes from osteocytes which
canaliculi function to connect the lacunae to each other and to the central
canal
located on the surface of bone and surround the osteons inside
circumferential lamellae
the bone
longer than they are wide, acts as levers and with skeletal muscle
long bones produces movement (humerus, radius, ulna, femur, tibia, fibula,
metacarpals, metatarsals, and phalanges)
as long as they are wide, enable a joint to move in multiple
short bones
directions, ( carpals and tarsals)
thin, flattened, and often curved, protection of interal organs and
flat bones surfaces for muscle attachment (bones of skull, sternum, scapula,
ribs, and pelvis
have complex shapes, have various functions such as protection
irregular bones
and muscle attachment ( vertebrae and facial bones)
diaphysis shaft of the bone
located on the end of the shaft, and is usually larger in diameter
epiphysis
than the shaft
epiphyseal plate joins the diaphysis to the epiphysis in a growing bone
when the bones stop lengthening and the plate closes and
epiphyseal line
becomes this
, a layer of hyaline cartilage covering the epiphysis and the point
articular cartilage
where the joint is formed with another bone
a type of connective tissue covering bone where its not covered
periosteum
with articular cartilage
osteoblasts make bone
osteoclasts degrade bone
medullary or marrow cavity the space within the diaphysis
endosteum a connective tissue lining the marrow cavity
body the largest or principal portion of the bone (bone of vertebrae)
the enlarged and often rounded end of a bone that articulates
head
with another bone (head of femur)
the constricted part of a bone lying between the head and the
neck
body ( neck of femur)
angle A pronounced bend in a bone (angle of mandible)
a small, smooth, articular surface which may be flat, concave, or
facet
convex
a type of projection that is a smooth and rounded knob which
Condyle
articulates with another bone
epicondyle type of projection, a protuberance located aboce the condyle
crest type of projection, a prominent but narrow ridge
spine type of projection, an elevated narrow ridge
type of projection, a prominent protuberance on the surface of a
process
bone
tubercle type of projection, a small rounded protuberance
tuberosity A moderate protuberance
trochanter A very large protuberance on the femur
a shallow, wide, or elongated depression on the surface of a
fossa
bone
notch a depression on the edge of a bone
canal a tunnel that penetrates a bone
meatus a large opening that gives way to a canal
foramen an often rounded hole that pierces a bone
these articulating surfaces are flat, slightly concave, or convex.
they permit side-to-side or back-and-forth movements.
gliding joint
ligaments and other bones prevent twisting and rotation of joints
so the motion is one dimensional
joints between the carpal bones, tarsal bones, and the sternum
example of gliding joint
and clavicle
the convex end of one bone fits into the concave end of another
hinge joint bone. these joints act like a door hinge. the motion is one
dimensional
example of a hinge joint the elbow, knee, finger, and toe joints
the pointed or conical surface of one bone articulated with a
pivot joint ligament on a ring of bone. this type of joint permits rotation
around an axis. the motion is one dimensional
the articulation between the dens of the axis and the vertebral
example of pivot joint
foramen of the atlas which permits rotation of the head
an oval condyle on one bone fits into a similary shaped elliptical
ellipsoidal joint cavity on a second bone. this permits side-to-side and back-and-
forth motion, or two dimensional motion
, example of ellipsoidal joint the wrist joint between the carpals and the radius
when both bones in the articulation are saddle-shaped or
saddle joint concave on one surface and convex on the other. this permits
two-dimensional motion
example of saddle joint metacarpal of thumb with the carpal bone of the wrist
the round end of one bone fits into a cup on the adjoining bone.
ball and socket joint
this arrangement permits three-dimensional motion
joints between the humerus and scapular, and the pelvis and
example of ball and socket joint
femur
movement back-and-forth or side-to-side, with no rotational or
gliding
angular motion
example of gliding movement between carpals and tarsals
movement that draws bones towards each other, or decreases
flexion
the angle of the joint to the bone
example of flexion bending the elbow,knee, neck, lifting the head, or uncurling toes
movement that separates bones from one another, or increases
extension
the angle of the joint to the bone
abduction moving part of the body away from the midline of the body
adduction moving a part of the body toward the midline of the body
the movement of a bone around its own axis, with no other
rotation
simultaneous motion
motion where the proximal end of a bone is stable and the distal
circumduction
end moves in the form of a cone
a motion of the forearm that turns the palm backward or
pronation
downward from the elbow. it does not rotate the humerus
a motion of the forearm that turns the palm forward or upward
supination
from the elbow. it does not rotate the humerus
protraction movement of a bone forward or anteriorly parallel to the ground
movement of a bone backward or posteriorly parallel to the
retraction
ground
elevation a movement that raises a bone vertically or upward
depression a movement that lowers a bone vertically
moves the sole of a foot inward towards the opposite foot at the
inversion
ankle
moves the sole of a foot outward at the ankle, away from the
eversion
other foot
dorsiflexion flexing the foot upward at the ankle
plantar flexion flexing the foot downward at the ankle
mandible
body on the mandible
mandibular condyle
Answers
Save
Students also studied
INBDE Orthodontics NBDE II Review - Prosthodontics Perio Study
201 terms 69 terms Teacher 78 terms
dong_lee82 Preview melissa_jarvis7 Preview Hunter_Charters
Terms in this set (341)
composed of the skull, ear ossicles, hyoid bone, vertebral
axial skeleton
column, and thoracic cage
composed of the upper and lower limbs, pectoral and pelvic
appendicular skeleton
girdles
structural unit of compact bone, elongated hollow cylinders that
osteon
are parallel to long axis of a bone
Lamellae osteons are composed of rings called what?
contains blood vessels and nerves, runs through the center of
central canal
each osteon
lacunae small cavities between adjacent lamellae
aka bone cells, function is to nourish bone and calcium and
osteocytes
phosphorus homeostasis
small channels containing processes from osteocytes which
canaliculi function to connect the lacunae to each other and to the central
canal
located on the surface of bone and surround the osteons inside
circumferential lamellae
the bone
longer than they are wide, acts as levers and with skeletal muscle
long bones produces movement (humerus, radius, ulna, femur, tibia, fibula,
metacarpals, metatarsals, and phalanges)
as long as they are wide, enable a joint to move in multiple
short bones
directions, ( carpals and tarsals)
thin, flattened, and often curved, protection of interal organs and
flat bones surfaces for muscle attachment (bones of skull, sternum, scapula,
ribs, and pelvis
have complex shapes, have various functions such as protection
irregular bones
and muscle attachment ( vertebrae and facial bones)
diaphysis shaft of the bone
located on the end of the shaft, and is usually larger in diameter
epiphysis
than the shaft
epiphyseal plate joins the diaphysis to the epiphysis in a growing bone
when the bones stop lengthening and the plate closes and
epiphyseal line
becomes this
, a layer of hyaline cartilage covering the epiphysis and the point
articular cartilage
where the joint is formed with another bone
a type of connective tissue covering bone where its not covered
periosteum
with articular cartilage
osteoblasts make bone
osteoclasts degrade bone
medullary or marrow cavity the space within the diaphysis
endosteum a connective tissue lining the marrow cavity
body the largest or principal portion of the bone (bone of vertebrae)
the enlarged and often rounded end of a bone that articulates
head
with another bone (head of femur)
the constricted part of a bone lying between the head and the
neck
body ( neck of femur)
angle A pronounced bend in a bone (angle of mandible)
a small, smooth, articular surface which may be flat, concave, or
facet
convex
a type of projection that is a smooth and rounded knob which
Condyle
articulates with another bone
epicondyle type of projection, a protuberance located aboce the condyle
crest type of projection, a prominent but narrow ridge
spine type of projection, an elevated narrow ridge
type of projection, a prominent protuberance on the surface of a
process
bone
tubercle type of projection, a small rounded protuberance
tuberosity A moderate protuberance
trochanter A very large protuberance on the femur
a shallow, wide, or elongated depression on the surface of a
fossa
bone
notch a depression on the edge of a bone
canal a tunnel that penetrates a bone
meatus a large opening that gives way to a canal
foramen an often rounded hole that pierces a bone
these articulating surfaces are flat, slightly concave, or convex.
they permit side-to-side or back-and-forth movements.
gliding joint
ligaments and other bones prevent twisting and rotation of joints
so the motion is one dimensional
joints between the carpal bones, tarsal bones, and the sternum
example of gliding joint
and clavicle
the convex end of one bone fits into the concave end of another
hinge joint bone. these joints act like a door hinge. the motion is one
dimensional
example of a hinge joint the elbow, knee, finger, and toe joints
the pointed or conical surface of one bone articulated with a
pivot joint ligament on a ring of bone. this type of joint permits rotation
around an axis. the motion is one dimensional
the articulation between the dens of the axis and the vertebral
example of pivot joint
foramen of the atlas which permits rotation of the head
an oval condyle on one bone fits into a similary shaped elliptical
ellipsoidal joint cavity on a second bone. this permits side-to-side and back-and-
forth motion, or two dimensional motion
, example of ellipsoidal joint the wrist joint between the carpals and the radius
when both bones in the articulation are saddle-shaped or
saddle joint concave on one surface and convex on the other. this permits
two-dimensional motion
example of saddle joint metacarpal of thumb with the carpal bone of the wrist
the round end of one bone fits into a cup on the adjoining bone.
ball and socket joint
this arrangement permits three-dimensional motion
joints between the humerus and scapular, and the pelvis and
example of ball and socket joint
femur
movement back-and-forth or side-to-side, with no rotational or
gliding
angular motion
example of gliding movement between carpals and tarsals
movement that draws bones towards each other, or decreases
flexion
the angle of the joint to the bone
example of flexion bending the elbow,knee, neck, lifting the head, or uncurling toes
movement that separates bones from one another, or increases
extension
the angle of the joint to the bone
abduction moving part of the body away from the midline of the body
adduction moving a part of the body toward the midline of the body
the movement of a bone around its own axis, with no other
rotation
simultaneous motion
motion where the proximal end of a bone is stable and the distal
circumduction
end moves in the form of a cone
a motion of the forearm that turns the palm backward or
pronation
downward from the elbow. it does not rotate the humerus
a motion of the forearm that turns the palm forward or upward
supination
from the elbow. it does not rotate the humerus
protraction movement of a bone forward or anteriorly parallel to the ground
movement of a bone backward or posteriorly parallel to the
retraction
ground
elevation a movement that raises a bone vertically or upward
depression a movement that lowers a bone vertically
moves the sole of a foot inward towards the opposite foot at the
inversion
ankle
moves the sole of a foot outward at the ankle, away from the
eversion
other foot
dorsiflexion flexing the foot upward at the ankle
plantar flexion flexing the foot downward at the ankle
mandible
body on the mandible
mandibular condyle
