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Positions of frisk and searching
Terry frisk, standing, kneeling, prone
Three prongs of Graham v. Connor
Severity of the crime at issue, whether the subject poses an immediate threat to the safety of
officers and others, whether he is actively resisting arrest or attempting to evade arrest by flight
Six major hazards an officer should be aware of when interacting with a subject
subjects hands and distance to you, weapons, relative, friends or bystanders, escape routes,
footing, cover.concealment for subject and officer
What should be included in field notes
Names of suspects, victims and witnesses, names of officers and others who assist in
investigation, important dates and times, locations, circumstances of crime, additional info as
necessary
Brady v. Maryland
All evidence be turned over to the defense for examination
Giglio v. US
,must share exculpatory information with the defendant
CYMBALS (giving vehicle description)
color, year, make/model, body style, all other identifying marks, license, state
Guidelines to release an amber alert
LE reasonably believes an abduction has occurred, LE believes the child is in imminent danger of
serious bodily injury or death, there is enough descriptive info about the victim and abduction,
child is 17 or younger
States included in the WIN database
Alaska, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington, Wyoming
Routes of entry of hazardous materials into the body
Absorption, inhalation, ingestion, injection
Reasonable Suspicion
That level of suspicion that would cause a reasonable person, under the circumstances to
believe that criminal activity has occurred or is occurring
Exigent Circumstances
Also known as emergency conditions, are circumstances that would cause a reasonable officer
to believe entry or search was necessary to prevent physical harm to officers or others or; The
destruction of relevant evidence or the escape of a suspect would occur if the search or entry
was not made
6 non-searches
Abandoned property, canine sniff, open field and aerial view, plain view and plain smell, private
citizen search, inventory
Good Faith Exception Law
,Officers acting in good faith on facially valid warrant do not violate the rights of the defendant if
the warrant is later found to be invalid
Inevitable discovery law
Evidence is admissible if the prosecution can establish that the evidence would have been
discovered by lawful means
Exclusionary rule
Evidence obtained through illegal conduct or by illegal means may be suppressed and not
allowed to be used in criminal trial
Fruit of the Poisonous Tree
Direct and indirect evidence will be suppressed if the evidence is tainted by illegal conduct of
the police
Evidence
Anything used to demonstrate the truth of an assertion
Direct evidence
Directly supports the truth of an assertion, such as surveillance video or witness statements
Circumstantial evidence
Requires some inference to connect it to a conclusion
Types of justification defenses
Defense of Persons, Defense of Habitation, Defense of Property, Peace officer use of force
Panic disorder symptoms
Shortness of breath, dizziness or unsteady feelings, palpitations or increased heart rate,
trembling or shaking, sweating, choking, nausea or abdominal distress, numbness or tingling
sensations, hot flashes or chills, chest pain, fear of going crazy or doing something uncontrolled
, Disability definition
Refers to a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life
activities
Mental Health
The ability to integrate to one's environment, reflected in solid personal relationships,
satisfaction in living, success and achievements, flexibility and coping skills, maturity
Autism characteristics
Severe disorders of communication and behavior that begin in early childhood, usually prior to
age three, difficulty communicating or relating to people, non-responsiveness to sound, lack of
interest in nearby people or objects
Schizophrenia
Deterioration in one's personality to a point where feelings, thoughts and behavior are not
coherent, and the person may demonstrate the lack of involvement in the care of hygiene,
nutrition and shelter
Mood disorders
Severe depression and bipolar disorders
Anxiety disorders
Simple phobia, panic disorders, OCD
Dissociative Disorders
Multiple personality disorder, psychogenic fugue, and amnesia
Personality disorder common traits
Lack self control, failure to learn from past mistakes, lack good judgment, lack morals or ethical
values, provoke trouble, often breaking the law, selfish, prodigious liars, manipulative and are
often con artists