communication - Answers the process of using messages to generate meaning
-a process not a product
communications - Answers short for telecommunications, which involves transmissions of info
through some sort of technology, such as tv, radio, print
transaction model of communication - Answers -everybody is a sender and receiver
-communication is never finished, it is an ongoing transaction
-not a product
-not one way
content level information - Answers the information conveyed superficially by the content of
information
-ex: mother asks child to stop playing with food and start eating it
relationship level informaiton - Answers -expressed nonverbally
used regularly to modify, reinforce, contradict, and sometimes substitute for verbal behaviors in
message
-making them indispensable to the total meaning of the message
competent communication - Answers -having a cognitively complex mindset
-ability to adjust conversation in different groups, reads people well
physical features - Answers include all the physical, tangible elements present in an
environment where communication is taking place
cultural features - Answers include the world views, beliefs, rituals, and languages held by all
participants present during communication
social-psychological features - Answers include the goals, current emotional states, and
dispositions of all parties present, can have several effects during message exchange
relational features - Answers include how well the communicators:
-know each other
-how long they've known each other
-how much they like each other
,the status that each person holds in relation to each other
-one person may have higher status than the other
receiver oriented view of communication - Answers describes the communication as occurring
any time a person perceives and gives meaning to our behavior
-ex: woman trips over sidewalk=clumsy
informing communication goal - Answers ex:
-asking or giving directions
-asking for or giving opinions
-recommendations
-counsel
-educational presentations
-lectures
-speeches to public and private audiences both large and small
persuading communication goal - Answers -requesting others' favors
-attempting to influence others' perceptions of us
-trying to change others attitudes and actions
forming and maintaining relations communication goal - Answers the initiation, escalation, and
maintenance of friendships and romantic relationships are a major function of our everyday
conversation
conflict management communication goal - Answers goal is usually to try to resolve those
differences in as least beastly a manner as possible
problem solving and decision making communication goal - Answers requiring members to
follow rules closely creating a compelling need for appropriate as well as effective
communication
-verbal communication
-nonverbal communicaton
-listening
, -perception
-relational developement
-conflict management
-exploration of culture, organizations, and small groups
Argument - Answers claim or conclusion supported by evidence and logical reasoning
assertion - Answers allegation or proclamation of something often as the result of opinion as
opposed to fact
aristotle's definition of rhetoric - Answers -the faculty of observing in any given case the
available means of persuasion
-rhetoric was seen as an art as well as a discipline because audiences can be unpredictable
-the speaker often had to improvise
ethos - Answers -an appeal to the personal character, goodness, expertise, or credibility of the
speaker
-persuaded by the character of the speaker as well as the message
pathos - Answers -an appeal to the emotions of the audience, but also being able to put the
audience into a particular state of mind
-people reason differently when they are in a different state of mind
logos - Answers -the logic or reasoning of the speech itself
-reasoning of a speech should be the primary mode of persuasion
ACT
the dramatistic pentad (from burke) - Answers -what happens
-ex: a music concert
Scene
the dramatistic pentad (from burke) - Answers -where the act happens
-ex: club in NY