1|Page © copyright 2025/2026 | Grade A+
3280 Pathophysiology Exam 1 Questions and Answers with
100% Complete Solutions UPDATED!!!
Define the stages of an illness - ANSWER Latent period: time
between exposure of tissue to injurious agent and first
appearance of signs or symptoms also known as incubation
period
Prodromal period: time during which first signs or symptoms
appear indicating onset of disease
Acute clinical course: short-lived, may have severe signs and
symptoms
Chronic clinical course: may last months to years, may follow an
acute course
What are the stages of Selye's general adaptation syndrome? -
ANSWER Alarm
Resistance/Adaptation
Exhaustion
What is the role of catecholamines in Selye's general adaptation
syndrome? - ANSWER Epinephrine: enhances myocardial
contractility, increases heart rate, and increases cardiac output
, 2|Page © copyright 2025/2026 | Grade A+
Norepinephrine: Constricts blood vessels and raises blood
pressure, reduces gastric secretions, increases night and far
vision (pupil dilation)
Primary prevention and secondary prevention - ANSWER
Primary: Altering susceptibility or reducing exposure for
susceptible persons Ex: vaccines, exercise, diet, and education
Secondary: Early detection, screening and management of
disease Ex: colonoscopy, mammogram, self-testicular exam
Risk factors in disease - ANSWER A factor that when present,
increases the likelihood of disease
Name and define 5 cellular adaptations - ANSWER Atrophy: cells
shrink and reduce their differentiated functions in response to
normal and injurious factors
Hypertrophy: increase in cell mass accompanied by an
augmented functional capacity in response to physiologic and
pathophysiologic demands
Hyperplasia: increase in functional capacity related to an
increase in cell number because of mitotic division, more cells
in the tissue
3280 Pathophysiology Exam 1 Questions and Answers with
100% Complete Solutions UPDATED!!!
Define the stages of an illness - ANSWER Latent period: time
between exposure of tissue to injurious agent and first
appearance of signs or symptoms also known as incubation
period
Prodromal period: time during which first signs or symptoms
appear indicating onset of disease
Acute clinical course: short-lived, may have severe signs and
symptoms
Chronic clinical course: may last months to years, may follow an
acute course
What are the stages of Selye's general adaptation syndrome? -
ANSWER Alarm
Resistance/Adaptation
Exhaustion
What is the role of catecholamines in Selye's general adaptation
syndrome? - ANSWER Epinephrine: enhances myocardial
contractility, increases heart rate, and increases cardiac output
, 2|Page © copyright 2025/2026 | Grade A+
Norepinephrine: Constricts blood vessels and raises blood
pressure, reduces gastric secretions, increases night and far
vision (pupil dilation)
Primary prevention and secondary prevention - ANSWER
Primary: Altering susceptibility or reducing exposure for
susceptible persons Ex: vaccines, exercise, diet, and education
Secondary: Early detection, screening and management of
disease Ex: colonoscopy, mammogram, self-testicular exam
Risk factors in disease - ANSWER A factor that when present,
increases the likelihood of disease
Name and define 5 cellular adaptations - ANSWER Atrophy: cells
shrink and reduce their differentiated functions in response to
normal and injurious factors
Hypertrophy: increase in cell mass accompanied by an
augmented functional capacity in response to physiologic and
pathophysiologic demands
Hyperplasia: increase in functional capacity related to an
increase in cell number because of mitotic division, more cells
in the tissue
