PHYSIOLOGY - FINAL (NIGHTINGALE COLLEGE) QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS

PHYSIOLOGY - FINAL (NIGHTINGALE
COLLEGE) QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
Positive-feedbackA2controlA2systems:A2-A2Ans--accelerateA2aA2change.

OfA2theA2pathogenicA2organisms,A2whichA2ofA2theA2followingA2areA2theA2mostA2complex?
-Viruses
-Tapeworms
-Bacteria
-ProtozoaA2-A2Ans--Tapeworms

ShiveringA2toA2tryA2toA2raiseA2yourA2bodyA2temperatureA2backA2toA2normalA2wouldA2beA2an
A2exampleA2of:
-theA2bodyA2tryingA2toA2maintainA2homeostasis.
-aA2positive-feedbackA2mechanism.
-aA2negative-feedbackA2mechanism.A2-A2Ans--
theA2bodyA2tryingA2toA2maintainA2homeostasisA2andA2aA2negative-feedbackA2mechanism

TheA2termA2thatA2literallyA2meansA2self-immunityA2is:A2-A2Ans--autoimmunity

IntracellularA2parasitesA2thatA2consistA2ofA2DNAA2orA2RNAA2surroundedA2byA2aA2proteinA2c
oatA2andA2sometimesA2byA2aA2lipoproteinA2envelopeA2areA2called:A2-A2Ans--viruses

PathogenesisA2canA2beA2definedA2as:A2-A2Ans--theA2courseA2ofA2diseaseA2development.

IntrinsicA2control:A2-A2Ans--isA2sometimesA2calledA2autoregulation.

WhichA2ofA2theA2followingA2isA2notA2oneA2ofA2theA2basicA2componentsA2inA2aA2feedbackA2c
ontrolA2loop?
-EffectorA2mechanism
-Transmitter
-Sensor
-IntegratingA2centerA2-A2Ans--transmitter

Negative-feedbackA2controlA2systems:A2-A2Ans--opposeA2aA2change

Negative-feedbackA2mechanisms:
-minimizeA2changesA2inA2bloodA2glucoseA2levels.
-maintainA2homeostasis.
-
areA2responsibleA2forA2anA2increasedA2rateA2ofA2sweatingA2whenA2airA2temperatureA2isA2hi

,gherA2thanA2bodyA2temperature.A2-A2Ans--
AllA2theA2aboveA2areA2correctA2ofA2theA2negative-feedbackA2mechanisms

TheA2aminoA2groupA2inA2anA2aminoA2acidA2is:A2-A2Ans--NH3+

TheA2elementA2thatA2isA2presentA2inA2allA2proteinsA2butA2notA2inA2carbohydratesA2is:A2-
A2Ans--nitrogen


WhichA2ofA2theA2followingA2isA2notA2oneA2ofA2theA2majorA2groupsA2ofA2organicA2substances
A2inA2theA2humanA2body?
-proteins
-salts
-lipids
-nucleicA2acidsA2-A2Ans--salts

TheA2termA2glycoprotein,A2aA2combinationA2ofA2twoA2words,A2tellsA2youA2thatA2theA2compo
undA2isA2madeA2ofA2_____,A2withA2_____A2beingA2theA2dominantA2component.A2-A2Ans--
carbohydrateA2andA2protein;A2protein

HumansA2canA2synthesizeA213A2ofA221A2basicA2aminoA2acids;A2theA2remainingA28,A2whichA
2mustA2beA2includedA2inA2theA2diet,A2areA2called:A2-A2Ans--essentialA2aminoA2acids


WhichA2energy-releasingA2orA2energy-
transferringA2moleculeA2doesA2notA2containA2aA2nucleotide?A2-A2Ans--
CreatineA2phosphate

WhichA2levelA2ofA2proteinA2structureA2refersA2toA2theA2number,A2kind,A2andA2sequenceA2ofA
2aminoA2acids?A2-A2Ans--primary


AllA2ofA2theA2followingA2substancesA2areA2organicA2except:
-lipids
-electrolytes
-carbohydrates
-proteinsA2-A2Ans--electrolytes

WhichA2ofA2theA2followingA2isA2notA2trueA2ofA2RNA?
-itA2containsA2riboseA2sugar
-itA2containsA2adenine
-itA2isA2composedA2ofA2smallerA2moleculesA2calledA2nucleotides
-allA2ofA2theA2aboveA2areA2trueA2ofA2RNAA2-A2Ans--allA2ofA2theA2aboveA2areA2trueA2ofA2RNA

TheA2typesA2ofA2lipidsA2foundA2thatA2formA2hormones,A2suchA2asA2cortisone,A2estrogen,A2a
ndA2testosteroneA2are:A2-A2Ans--Steroids

TheA2typeA2ofA2lipoproteinA2associatedA2withA2"bad"A2cholesterolA2andA2theA2productionA2o
fA2atheroscleroticA2changesA2inA2bloodA2vesselsA2is:A2-A2Ans--LDL

,WhatA2isA2theA2mostA2importantA2factorA2inA2determiningA2theA2physicalA2andA2chemicalA2
propertiesA2ofA2fattyA2acids?A2-A2Ans--DegreeA2ofA2saturation

PeptideA2bondsA2joinA2togetherA2moleculesA2of:A2-A2Ans--aminoA2acids

WhenA2twoA2moleculesA2ofA2glucoseA2areA2joined,A2theyA2formA2whichA2disaccharide?A2-
A2Ans--maltose


WhichA2ofA2theA2followingA2isA2notA2trueA2ofA2carbohydrates?
-TheyA2includeA2substancesA2commonlyA2calledA2sugars.
-TheyA2areA2theA2body'sA2primaryA2sourceA2ofA2energy.
-TheyA2areA2aA2partA2ofA2bothA2DNAA2andA2RNA.
-AllA2ofA2theA2aboveA2areA2trueA2ofA2carbohydrates.A2-A2Ans--
AllA2ofA2theA2aboveA2areA2trueA2ofA2carbohydrates.

WhichA2ofA2theA2followingA2statementsA2isA2true?
-AminoA2acidA2chainsA2formA2DNA.
-
TheA2siteA2ofA2transcriptionA2isA2withinA2theA2nucleus,A2whereasA2theA2siteA2ofA2translation
A2isA2inA2theA2cytoplasm.
-UracilA2isA2presentA2inA2DNAA2inA2placeA2ofA2thymine.
-NoneA2ofA2theA2aboveA2isA2true.A2-A2Ans--
TheA2siteA2ofA2transcriptionA2isA2withinA2theA2nucleus,A2whereasA2theA2siteA2ofA2translation
A2isA2inA2theA2cytoplasm.


WhichA2isA2notA2trueA2aboutA2theA2sodiumA2andA2potassiumA2pump?
-ItA2usesA2cellularA2energy.
-SodiumA2movesA2intoA2theA2cellA2andA2potassiumA2movesA2outA2ofA2theA2cell.
-AA2carrierA2systemA2isA2used.
-ItA2canA2moveA2substancesA2againstA2theirA2concentrationA2gradient.A2-A2Ans--
SodiumA2movesA2intoA2theA2cellA2andA2potassiumA2movesA2outA2ofA2theA2cell.

WaterA2willA2moveA2throughA2theA2cellA2membraneA2by:A2-A2Ans--osmosis

DiffusionA2requiresA2-A2Ans--aA2concentrationA2gradient.

WhichA2ofA2theA2followingA2termsA2isA2synonymousA2withA2tumor?A2-A2Ans--Neoplasm

AllA2ofA2theA2followingA2areA2examplesA2ofA2passiveA2transportA2except:
-filtration
-osmosis
-endocytosis
-dialysisA2-A2Ans--endocytosis

AA2DNAA2moleculeA2isA2characterizedA2byA2allA2ofA2theA2followingA2except:

, -doubleA2helixA2shape
-obligatoryA2baseA2pairing
-riboseA2sugar
-phosphateA2groupA2-A2Ans--riboseA2sugar

AllA2ofA2theA2followingA2occurA2asA2aA2resultA2ofA2meiosisA2except:
-chromosomeA2numberA2remainsA2atA246.
-primitiveA2sexA2cellsA2becomeA2matureA2gametes.
-theA2cellsA2becomeA2haploid.
-meiosisA2occursA2inA2twoA2steps.A2-A2Ans--chromosomeA2numberA2remainsA2atA246.

WhichA2ofA2theA2followingA2isA2notA2trueA2ofA2diffusion?
-UsesA2cellularA2energy
-CanA2occurA2inA2livingA2andA2nonlivingA2cells
-MayA2occurA2bothA2intoA2andA2outA2ofA2theA2cell
-EnergyA2sourceA2isA2cellularA2-A2Ans--UsesA2cellularA2energy

AA2salineA2solutionA2thatA2containsA2aA2higherA2concentrationA2ofA2saltA2thanA2aA2redA2bloo
dA2cellA2wouldA2be:A2-A2Ans--hypertonic

IfA2aA2sequenceA2ofA2nitrogenA2basesA2inA2nucleicA2acidA2wereA2A-U-C-G-
A,A2whichA2ofA2theA2followingA2wouldA2beA2trueA2aboutA2theA2nucleicA2acid?
-ItA2containsA2deoxyriboseA2sugar.
-ItA2couldA2beA2foundA2onlyA2inA2theA2nucleus.
-ItA2containsA2riboseA2sugar.A2-A2Ans--ItA2containsA2riboseA2sugar.

Twenty-threeA2chromosomesA2perA2cellA2inA2humansA2isA2referredA2toA2as:A2-A2Ans--
haploid

WhichA2ofA2theA2followingA2isA2notA2trueA2ofA2RNA?
-ItA2isA2aA2singleA2strand.
-ItA2containsA2uracilA2ratherA2thanA2thymine.
-TheA2obligatoryA2baseA2pairsA2areA2adenineA2andA2uracil,A2andA2guanineA2andA2cytosine.
-ItA2containsA2deoxyriboseA2sugar.A2-A2Ans--ItA2containsA2deoxyriboseA2sugar.

AA2sequenceA2ofA2threeA2basesA2formsA2a(n):A2-A2Ans--codon

DiffusionA2ofA2particlesA2throughA2aA2membraneA2byA2meansA2ofA2aA2carrierA2moleculeA2is
A2called:A2-A2Ans--facilitatedA2diffusion.


ConnectiveA2tissueA2formsA2fromA2stemA2cellA2tissueA2called:A2-A2Ans--mesenchyme.

AreolarA2tissueA2usuallyA2containsA2whichA2typesA2ofA2cellsA2inA2theA2greatestA2number?
A2-A2Ans--Fibroblasts


WhichA2ofA2theA2followingA2isA2notA2aA2characteristicA2ofA2skeletalA2muscles?