KIN 4512 Final Exam Questions and
All Correct Answers Graded A+ 2025-
2026 Edition.
How does learning occur? - Answer 1.) Social interaction
2.) Modeling
3.) Trial and error
4.) Observation
Social role - Answer Expected behavior by a social group in a particular situation
Norm - Answer A set of expectations
Sex - Answer Male or female biological characteristics
Gender - Answer Socially determined masculine or feminine characterics
What type of constraint is sex? - Answer Individual constraint
What type of constraint is gender? - Answer Sociocultural constraint
Gender-typing - Answer Socializing agents, including significant others, often encourage
children to participate in "gender appropriate" activities
Title IX - Answer "No person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from
participation in, be denied of, or be subjected to discrimination under any education program or
activity receiving federal financial assistance"
Who are important socializing agents during early childhood? - Answer Parents
Note: same-sex parent may be more influential
What constitutes a individual's first play group? - Answer Siblings
, Who are important socializing agents after childhood? - Answer Peers
Aversive socialization - Answer ...
Psychosocial influences are an interaction of what two constraints? - Answer Individual and
enviornmental
What are individual constraints also known as? - Answer Functional constraints
What are environmental constraints also known as? - Answer Sociocultural constraints
Self-esteem - Answer How much we believe ourselves to be competent, successful and
worthy
What do children development self-esteem from? - Answer Feedback and apraisals
Meta-analysis by Gruber - Answer Involvement in directed play or physical education can
enhance self-esteem in children
Improvements greatest in those who most needed the positive physical experience
Causal attributions are the reasons people give for their __ and __. - Answer Successes,
failures
What causal attributions do individuals with high self-esteem make? - Answer Internal,
stable, controllable
What causal attributions do individuals with low self-esteem make? - Answer External,
unstable, uncontrollable
In what ways do adults evaluate themselves? - Answer 1.) Actual experiences- observing
past and present accomplishments and failures
2.) Vicarious experiences- comparing themselves with others (observing a model)
3.) Receiving verbal persuasion from others
All Correct Answers Graded A+ 2025-
2026 Edition.
How does learning occur? - Answer 1.) Social interaction
2.) Modeling
3.) Trial and error
4.) Observation
Social role - Answer Expected behavior by a social group in a particular situation
Norm - Answer A set of expectations
Sex - Answer Male or female biological characteristics
Gender - Answer Socially determined masculine or feminine characterics
What type of constraint is sex? - Answer Individual constraint
What type of constraint is gender? - Answer Sociocultural constraint
Gender-typing - Answer Socializing agents, including significant others, often encourage
children to participate in "gender appropriate" activities
Title IX - Answer "No person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from
participation in, be denied of, or be subjected to discrimination under any education program or
activity receiving federal financial assistance"
Who are important socializing agents during early childhood? - Answer Parents
Note: same-sex parent may be more influential
What constitutes a individual's first play group? - Answer Siblings
, Who are important socializing agents after childhood? - Answer Peers
Aversive socialization - Answer ...
Psychosocial influences are an interaction of what two constraints? - Answer Individual and
enviornmental
What are individual constraints also known as? - Answer Functional constraints
What are environmental constraints also known as? - Answer Sociocultural constraints
Self-esteem - Answer How much we believe ourselves to be competent, successful and
worthy
What do children development self-esteem from? - Answer Feedback and apraisals
Meta-analysis by Gruber - Answer Involvement in directed play or physical education can
enhance self-esteem in children
Improvements greatest in those who most needed the positive physical experience
Causal attributions are the reasons people give for their __ and __. - Answer Successes,
failures
What causal attributions do individuals with high self-esteem make? - Answer Internal,
stable, controllable
What causal attributions do individuals with low self-esteem make? - Answer External,
unstable, uncontrollable
In what ways do adults evaluate themselves? - Answer 1.) Actual experiences- observing
past and present accomplishments and failures
2.) Vicarious experiences- comparing themselves with others (observing a model)
3.) Receiving verbal persuasion from others
