Correct Answers 2025-2026 Updated.
A cultural phenomenon in the United States that may act as a constraint for girls' motor
behavior is - Answer enforcement of Title IX by schools
Aversive socialization includes which of the following?
a. when teachers or coaches reward students for proper skill execution
b. when teachers or coaches embarrass children in front of peers
c. when teachers or coaches overemphasize performance criteria at the expense of learning
d. b and c
e. a,b,c - Answer d. b and c
Findings from research suggest that the roles of race, ethnicity, social background, and other
factors in family socialization are __________ and __________ to characterize on a group basis.
- Answer complex; difficult
The best predictor of adult sport involvement is participation during childhood and
adolescence. In fact, about ___ of eventual sport participants become involved in sports by age
8. - Answer 75%
The ____ process is that by which one learns a social role within groups with certain values,
morals, and rules. - Answer socialization
Title IX, which required equal opportunity for girls and women in sport, was passed in
__________. - Answer 1972
Which of the following is an example of a social or cultural environmental constraint?
a. age
b. race
c. religion
d. b and c
e. a,b,c - Answer d. b and c
, b. failure is not the same thing as losing
c. success is not synonymous with winning
d. a and b
e. a,b,c - Answer e. all of the above
_____ occurs when a parent or significant other encourages activities that are deemed gender
appropriate. - Answer gender typing
_______ characteristics are culturally based and relate to cultural similarities that connect
groups - Answer ethnic
A _____ is a type of instructional approach that is student centered. - Answer mastery
motivational climate
Children begin to compare themselves to others at the age of _____ years old. - Answer 5
Harter and Pike (1984) developed a scale that uses ______ to measure self-perceptions of
children under 8 years old. - Answer pictures
Project _______ is an annual event in which millions of children all over the globe exercise at
the same time in a symbolic gesture of fitness and unity. - Answer ACES
Research suggests that children ______ years old attribute outcomes to both effort and luck
(i.e., less stable) more than older children. - Answer 7 to 9
Self-____ is one's personal judgment of his or her own capability, significance, success, and
worthiness; it is conveyed to others through words and actions. - Answer esteem
Teachers and coaches should provide ______ feedback related to performance in order to
attempt to raise a child's self-esteem. - Answer specific
The amount and intensity of physical activity tends to _____ as adults grow older, especially
among _______. - Answer decrease; females