UIUC IB 150 Final Exam
10% rule of trophic efficiency Correct Answers transfer of
biomass from a lower trophic level to the next one higher in
which 10% of biomass gained is stored as energy
10°C rule Correct Answers for every 10°C, a reaction rate
roughly doubles
abiotic Correct Answers anything non-living
activation energy Correct Answers energy that is required for an
endergonic reaction to occur
active site Correct Answers location in an enzyme where
substrates bind and react with one another
adaptation Correct Answers heritable trait that increases fitness
of an organism relative to organisms lacking the trait
ADP Correct Answers the releasing of a phosphate group from
ATP, results in a release of energy that is used for biological
reactions
aerobic cellular respiration Correct Answers process in which
many ATP molecules produced through the following processes
in order: glycolysis, citric acid cycle, electron transport chain
allele Correct Answers a version of a gene
,allele fixation Correct Answers when only one allele remains in
a population and the frequency will be one as a result of
evolution
allele frequency Correct Answers (p+q=1) are in the same
proportion as the genotypes of gametes from all parents in the
population
allosteric binding Correct Answers hemoglobin shape changes
as more O2 or CO2 are bound to the protein
alternation of generations Correct Answers alteration of an
organisms life cycle of dissimilar reproductive form, especially
of sexual with asexual reproduction
alternative hypothesis Correct Answers specifies what should
be observed when the claim is correct
alveolus Correct Answers tiny air sacs at the ends of the lung
where O2 and CO2are exchange from the capillaries to the air
amino acid Correct Answers 20 of them that make up proteins;
also determine how the protein will fold
anaerobic cellular respiration Correct Answers process which
ATP is produced similar to aerobic but uses different final
electron acceptors such as sulfate or nitrate instead of oxygen
and-rule of probability Correct Answers combined probability
of two independent events equals the product of probability of
each independent events occurring (AxB)
, aorta Correct Answers largest artery that brings oxygenated
blood away from the heart to the body
arteries Correct Answers blood vessels that carry blood away
from the heart
arterioles Correct Answers blood vessels that are smaller
branches off of the arteries
asexual reproduction Correct Answers produced from one
parent, offspring shares genotype and phenotype. mutations may
occur and cause diversity
ATP Correct Answers energy storing molecule, a ribose sugar
and 3 phosphate groups; energy is stored on the molecules
chemical bonds and can be used quickly and easily by cells
ATP synthase Correct Answers important enzyme in the inner
mitochondrial membrane that converts ADP and Pi into ATP
atrium Correct Answers each of the two upper chambers of the
heart that receives blood that comes into the heart
autosome Correct Answers non-sexual, appear in pairs whose
membranes have the same form but differ in alleles
base pair Correct Answers pair of nucleotides connecting the
strands of DNA or RNA
10% rule of trophic efficiency Correct Answers transfer of
biomass from a lower trophic level to the next one higher in
which 10% of biomass gained is stored as energy
10°C rule Correct Answers for every 10°C, a reaction rate
roughly doubles
abiotic Correct Answers anything non-living
activation energy Correct Answers energy that is required for an
endergonic reaction to occur
active site Correct Answers location in an enzyme where
substrates bind and react with one another
adaptation Correct Answers heritable trait that increases fitness
of an organism relative to organisms lacking the trait
ADP Correct Answers the releasing of a phosphate group from
ATP, results in a release of energy that is used for biological
reactions
aerobic cellular respiration Correct Answers process in which
many ATP molecules produced through the following processes
in order: glycolysis, citric acid cycle, electron transport chain
allele Correct Answers a version of a gene
,allele fixation Correct Answers when only one allele remains in
a population and the frequency will be one as a result of
evolution
allele frequency Correct Answers (p+q=1) are in the same
proportion as the genotypes of gametes from all parents in the
population
allosteric binding Correct Answers hemoglobin shape changes
as more O2 or CO2 are bound to the protein
alternation of generations Correct Answers alteration of an
organisms life cycle of dissimilar reproductive form, especially
of sexual with asexual reproduction
alternative hypothesis Correct Answers specifies what should
be observed when the claim is correct
alveolus Correct Answers tiny air sacs at the ends of the lung
where O2 and CO2are exchange from the capillaries to the air
amino acid Correct Answers 20 of them that make up proteins;
also determine how the protein will fold
anaerobic cellular respiration Correct Answers process which
ATP is produced similar to aerobic but uses different final
electron acceptors such as sulfate or nitrate instead of oxygen
and-rule of probability Correct Answers combined probability
of two independent events equals the product of probability of
each independent events occurring (AxB)
, aorta Correct Answers largest artery that brings oxygenated
blood away from the heart to the body
arteries Correct Answers blood vessels that carry blood away
from the heart
arterioles Correct Answers blood vessels that are smaller
branches off of the arteries
asexual reproduction Correct Answers produced from one
parent, offspring shares genotype and phenotype. mutations may
occur and cause diversity
ATP Correct Answers energy storing molecule, a ribose sugar
and 3 phosphate groups; energy is stored on the molecules
chemical bonds and can be used quickly and easily by cells
ATP synthase Correct Answers important enzyme in the inner
mitochondrial membrane that converts ADP and Pi into ATP
atrium Correct Answers each of the two upper chambers of the
heart that receives blood that comes into the heart
autosome Correct Answers non-sexual, appear in pairs whose
membranes have the same form but differ in alleles
base pair Correct Answers pair of nucleotides connecting the
strands of DNA or RNA
