PHARMACOLOGY NURS 251 MODULE 9
EXAMINATION TEST 2026 FULL SOLVED
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
◉ Opiod Analgesics for moderate pain. Answer: Codeine,
Hydrocodone, Tramadol
2 to 4 times more potent than nonopiods.
Usually combination of a nonopiod with an opiod
Controlled substances that MUST have a provider order
◉ Opiod Analgesics for severe pain. Answer: Morphine,
Hydromorphone, Oxycodone, Fentanyl & Methadone.
Must have provider order
Reduce pain & mood to make person feel more comfortable even
though pain persists
Most potent class of pain relivers
Demerol - should be avoided
◉ What is the most POTENT class of pain relievers?. Answer: Opiod
Analgesics for Severe Pain
◉ What should be avoided with Opiod Analgesics?. Answer: Demerol
,◉ What is important in pain management?. Answer: To first treat
the pain
◉ Patients with an addictive disease should be treated the same as
all other patients. Answer: True
◉ Often addicted patients require more pain medication than usual.
Answer: True
◉ Who do you consult when there's a pt with substance abuse
problems or addictions. Answer: Pain management expert
◉ Routes for Opiate Delivery. Answer: * oral
* transnasal
* transdermal
* transmucosal
* rectal
* topical
* subcutaneous
* intramuscular
* IV
* intraspinal
,* continuous local anesthesia
◉ What are some side effects of opioid usage?. Answer: Respiratory
depression
Sedation
Nausea
Vomiting
Urinary Retention
Blurred Vision
Sexual dysfunction
Constipation
◉ Assessing opioid side affects. Answer: Tolerance to all side effects
occurs within a few days except for constipation
Respirations, level of alertness before administering and after
◉ What is helpful for neuropathic pain?. Answer: Tricyclic
antidepressants
Anticonvulsant drugs
Local anesthetics
◉ Adjuvant medications. Answer: A medication not classified as a
pain medication
, ◉ Adjuvant medications have properties that may:. Answer: •Reduce
pain alone or in combination with other analgesics
•Relieve other discomforts (swelling & inflammation)
•Potentiate the effect of pain medications
•Reduce medication side effects.
◉ Patient Controlled Analgesia (PCA). Answer: Allows the pt to treat
their own pain
◉ Most common route of PCA. Answer: IV route
◉ Most commonly used PCA. Answer: Morphone, Dilaudid, Fentanyl
◉ Problems that reduce PCA Safety. Answer: Improper patient
selection
Pump problems
Programming errors
When someone other than the pt pushes the button - Must teach for
this to never happen
◉ What must you teach to never happen when it comes to PCA.
Answer: someone else touching the button rather than the patient
EXAMINATION TEST 2026 FULL SOLVED
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
◉ Opiod Analgesics for moderate pain. Answer: Codeine,
Hydrocodone, Tramadol
2 to 4 times more potent than nonopiods.
Usually combination of a nonopiod with an opiod
Controlled substances that MUST have a provider order
◉ Opiod Analgesics for severe pain. Answer: Morphine,
Hydromorphone, Oxycodone, Fentanyl & Methadone.
Must have provider order
Reduce pain & mood to make person feel more comfortable even
though pain persists
Most potent class of pain relivers
Demerol - should be avoided
◉ What is the most POTENT class of pain relievers?. Answer: Opiod
Analgesics for Severe Pain
◉ What should be avoided with Opiod Analgesics?. Answer: Demerol
,◉ What is important in pain management?. Answer: To first treat
the pain
◉ Patients with an addictive disease should be treated the same as
all other patients. Answer: True
◉ Often addicted patients require more pain medication than usual.
Answer: True
◉ Who do you consult when there's a pt with substance abuse
problems or addictions. Answer: Pain management expert
◉ Routes for Opiate Delivery. Answer: * oral
* transnasal
* transdermal
* transmucosal
* rectal
* topical
* subcutaneous
* intramuscular
* IV
* intraspinal
,* continuous local anesthesia
◉ What are some side effects of opioid usage?. Answer: Respiratory
depression
Sedation
Nausea
Vomiting
Urinary Retention
Blurred Vision
Sexual dysfunction
Constipation
◉ Assessing opioid side affects. Answer: Tolerance to all side effects
occurs within a few days except for constipation
Respirations, level of alertness before administering and after
◉ What is helpful for neuropathic pain?. Answer: Tricyclic
antidepressants
Anticonvulsant drugs
Local anesthetics
◉ Adjuvant medications. Answer: A medication not classified as a
pain medication
, ◉ Adjuvant medications have properties that may:. Answer: •Reduce
pain alone or in combination with other analgesics
•Relieve other discomforts (swelling & inflammation)
•Potentiate the effect of pain medications
•Reduce medication side effects.
◉ Patient Controlled Analgesia (PCA). Answer: Allows the pt to treat
their own pain
◉ Most common route of PCA. Answer: IV route
◉ Most commonly used PCA. Answer: Morphone, Dilaudid, Fentanyl
◉ Problems that reduce PCA Safety. Answer: Improper patient
selection
Pump problems
Programming errors
When someone other than the pt pushes the button - Must teach for
this to never happen
◉ What must you teach to never happen when it comes to PCA.
Answer: someone else touching the button rather than the patient
