General Zoology Exam #1
Homology - Answer-the same organ in different organisms under every variety of form and function
Speciation - Answer-studies of species formation
Allopatric - Answer-geographic speciation
Sympatric - Answer-different individuals within a species become specialized for occupying different
components of the environment
What makes something alive? - Answer-metabolism, reproduction, homeostasis, growth, development,
cellular basis of life, evolution
What makes something an animal? - Answer-have to eat, need oxygen, digestive tract, muscles and
nervous tissue
More appropriate to say individuals evolve or populations? - Answer-Populations because individuals
can have diff. traits than rest of the population.
Adaptation - Answer-change or process of change by which an organism or species becomes better
suited to environment
Exaptation - Answer-preexisting characteristic that enhances the ability of a species to adapt to a change
, Genetic drift - Answer-change of frequency of gene variant in a population due to a random sampling
Migration - Answer-seasonal movement of animals from 1 region to another
Macroevolution - Answer-evolution on a scale of separated gene pools
Asexual reproduction - Answer-binary fusion, budding, fragmentation, parthenogenesis, spores
Benefits of asexual reproduction - Answer-only need one parent, mass reproduction, saves energy, more
survival, reliable
Benefits of sexual reproduction - Answer-helps natural selection remove harmful mutation, diversity of
offspring
Examples of animal hermaphrodites? - Answer-snails, worms, fish, echinoderms
External fertilization - Answer-outside, use water
Internal fertilization - Answer-inside, don't need water
Synapomorphies - Answer-characters that unite two taxa together
Apomorphies - Answer-character on a terminal branch, not combining taxa
Symplesiomorphy - Answer-characters that are shared because it is the ancestral state, not an
evolutionary trait
Homology - Answer-the same organ in different organisms under every variety of form and function
Speciation - Answer-studies of species formation
Allopatric - Answer-geographic speciation
Sympatric - Answer-different individuals within a species become specialized for occupying different
components of the environment
What makes something alive? - Answer-metabolism, reproduction, homeostasis, growth, development,
cellular basis of life, evolution
What makes something an animal? - Answer-have to eat, need oxygen, digestive tract, muscles and
nervous tissue
More appropriate to say individuals evolve or populations? - Answer-Populations because individuals
can have diff. traits than rest of the population.
Adaptation - Answer-change or process of change by which an organism or species becomes better
suited to environment
Exaptation - Answer-preexisting characteristic that enhances the ability of a species to adapt to a change
, Genetic drift - Answer-change of frequency of gene variant in a population due to a random sampling
Migration - Answer-seasonal movement of animals from 1 region to another
Macroevolution - Answer-evolution on a scale of separated gene pools
Asexual reproduction - Answer-binary fusion, budding, fragmentation, parthenogenesis, spores
Benefits of asexual reproduction - Answer-only need one parent, mass reproduction, saves energy, more
survival, reliable
Benefits of sexual reproduction - Answer-helps natural selection remove harmful mutation, diversity of
offspring
Examples of animal hermaphrodites? - Answer-snails, worms, fish, echinoderms
External fertilization - Answer-outside, use water
Internal fertilization - Answer-inside, don't need water
Synapomorphies - Answer-characters that unite two taxa together
Apomorphies - Answer-character on a terminal branch, not combining taxa
Symplesiomorphy - Answer-characters that are shared because it is the ancestral state, not an
evolutionary trait
