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Sumario Resumen de la teoría de óxido reducción.

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Resumen de la teoría de óxido reducción.

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February 16, 2021
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UNIDAD II
TEORÍA DE LAS REACCIONES ÓXIDO - REDUCCIÓN.


En una reacción de óxido – reducción, se lleva a cabo un proceso de oxidación y reducción, en la
que ocurre una transferencia de electrones.


Oxidación.- Es la pérdida de electrones de una especie química.


Reducción.- Es la ganancia de electrones de una especie química.


Ejemplos:



𝐶𝑒4+ + 𝐹𝑒2+ → 𝐶𝑒3+ + 𝐹𝑒3+

−1𝑒−
𝐹𝑒 2+
→𝐹𝑒3+ OXIDACIÓN


+1𝑒−
𝐶𝑒 4+ →𝐶𝑒3+ REDUCCIÓN




𝐹𝑒3+ + 𝑉2+ → 𝐹𝑒2+ + 𝑉3+

−1𝑒−
2+
𝑉 →𝑉3+ OXIDACIÓN


+1𝑒−
𝐹𝑒 3+ →𝐹𝑒2+ REDUCCIÓN

, Agente oxidante u oxidante.- Es la especie química que ACEPTA electrones durante la reacción
(especie que se reduce).


Agente reductor u reductor.- Es la especie química que CEDE electrones durante la reacción
(especie que se oxida).


Cualquier reacción de oxidación – reducción, puede desglosarse en dos semireacciones:



𝐶𝑒4+ + 1𝑒− → 𝐶𝑒3+
𝐹𝑒3+ + 1𝑒− → 𝐹𝑒2+


𝐶𝑒4+ + 1𝑒− → 𝐶𝑒3+
(𝐹𝑒3+ + 1𝑒− → 𝐹𝑒2+) × −1


𝐶𝑒4+ + 1𝑒− → 𝐶𝑒3+
𝐹𝑒2+ → 𝐹𝑒3+ + 1𝑒−
𝐶𝑒4+ + 𝐹𝑒2+ → 𝐶𝑒3+ + 𝐹𝑒3+



𝑀𝑛𝑂44 − + 𝐹𝑒2+ → 𝑀𝑛2+ + 𝐹𝑒3+

+5𝑒−
− 2+
𝑀𝑛𝑂4 →𝑀𝑛 REDUCCIÓN


−1𝑒−
𝐹𝑒 2+ →𝐹𝑒3+ OXIDACIÓN
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