NURS 5315 UTA Exam 2 | 106 Terms with Complete
Solution | Latest 2026/2027 Update
1. Cytokine IL1 function Answer: Causes fever, activates phagocytes & lymphocytes and
also increases the release of IL6a
2. Cytokine IL6 function Answer: Stimulates production of acute phase reactants and
promotes growth and stimulation
of RBCs
3. Cytokine TNF function Answer: Causes fever, increases synthesis of proinflammatory
proteins by liver, causes muscle wasting, induces thrombosis
4. Cytokine growth factor function Answer: Promotes production and maturation of
neu- trophils
5. Complement Answer: Functions include bacterial lysis, vasodilation and increased
vas- cular permeability, triggers mast cell degranulation, chemotaxis, and
opsonization.
6. Kinin Answer: Converted to bradykinin which is responsible for pain and chemotaxis,
and it increases vascular permeability and vasodilation.
,7. Coagulation cascade Answer: Factor XII activates kinin. Function is to form fibrin
mesh to stop bleeding and trap micro organisms.
8. COX1 Answer: Prostaglandin of arachidonic pathway. Provides gastroprotection,
platelet aggregation, fluid/electrolyte balance
9. COX2 Answer: Prostaglandin of arachidonic pathway. Responsible for pain, fever,
renal protection, tissue repair, reproduction development.
10. COX2 inhibitors- clinical implications Answer: Protect gastric mucosa- prevent ulcers
and bleeding. Removed from market r/t cardiac events except for Celebrex. Can
impair renal function , monitor labs.
11. Arachidonic pathway purpose Answer: Synthesis of prostaglandins
12. Non-selective NSAIDS Answer: Inhibit COX1 and COX2, risk for gastric ulceration, GI
bleeds, edema, renal impairment
13. ASA Answer: Blocks COX1 and COX2, also inhibits Thromboxane A2 and
prostaglandins
14. Corticosteroids Answer: Inhibit phospholipase A2, preventing formation of
prostaglandins, thromboxane
A2, prostacyclin, and leukotrines
15. Thromboxane Answer: Vasoconstriction, platelet aggregation
16. Prostacyclin Answer: Vasodilation, platelet aggregation (most effective one)
, 17. Type 1 hypersensitivity Answer: E. Immediate response to allergen, food, meds,
pollen, asthma, allergic reactions
P. IgE binds with antigen at 1st exposure. Antigen binds with this complex at 2nd exposure
Inflammatory cascade initiates.
C.M. Urticaria, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, angioedema, anaphylaxis
27. Atopic disorders Answer: Genetic Type 1 hypersensitivity, asthma, hay fever, eczema,
urticaria
28. Type 2 hypersensitivity Answer: E. Antibodies directed against fixed antigens on the
plasma membrane of cells
C.M. Varies depending on alloimmune or autoimmune
29. All immunity and example of hypersensitivity Answer: When an individuals immune
system reacts against antigens on the tissues of other members of the same species
Blood transfusions- causes clumping and lysis of RBC- fever, nausea, chills, low back
pain, dark urine, hives, itching, SOB
Rh incompatibility- hemolytic disease of newborn with jaundice, give Rhogam within 72
hours of birth (Rh- mother with
Rh+ child)
30. Autoimmunity and example of hypersensitivity Answer: A breakdown of tolerance
in which the bodies immune system begins to recognize self-antigens as foreign.
Graves Disease- autoantibodies form against thyroid cells- bind to thyroid cells and
mimic action of TSH, increases secretion of thyroxine
Solution | Latest 2026/2027 Update
1. Cytokine IL1 function Answer: Causes fever, activates phagocytes & lymphocytes and
also increases the release of IL6a
2. Cytokine IL6 function Answer: Stimulates production of acute phase reactants and
promotes growth and stimulation
of RBCs
3. Cytokine TNF function Answer: Causes fever, increases synthesis of proinflammatory
proteins by liver, causes muscle wasting, induces thrombosis
4. Cytokine growth factor function Answer: Promotes production and maturation of
neu- trophils
5. Complement Answer: Functions include bacterial lysis, vasodilation and increased
vas- cular permeability, triggers mast cell degranulation, chemotaxis, and
opsonization.
6. Kinin Answer: Converted to bradykinin which is responsible for pain and chemotaxis,
and it increases vascular permeability and vasodilation.
,7. Coagulation cascade Answer: Factor XII activates kinin. Function is to form fibrin
mesh to stop bleeding and trap micro organisms.
8. COX1 Answer: Prostaglandin of arachidonic pathway. Provides gastroprotection,
platelet aggregation, fluid/electrolyte balance
9. COX2 Answer: Prostaglandin of arachidonic pathway. Responsible for pain, fever,
renal protection, tissue repair, reproduction development.
10. COX2 inhibitors- clinical implications Answer: Protect gastric mucosa- prevent ulcers
and bleeding. Removed from market r/t cardiac events except for Celebrex. Can
impair renal function , monitor labs.
11. Arachidonic pathway purpose Answer: Synthesis of prostaglandins
12. Non-selective NSAIDS Answer: Inhibit COX1 and COX2, risk for gastric ulceration, GI
bleeds, edema, renal impairment
13. ASA Answer: Blocks COX1 and COX2, also inhibits Thromboxane A2 and
prostaglandins
14. Corticosteroids Answer: Inhibit phospholipase A2, preventing formation of
prostaglandins, thromboxane
A2, prostacyclin, and leukotrines
15. Thromboxane Answer: Vasoconstriction, platelet aggregation
16. Prostacyclin Answer: Vasodilation, platelet aggregation (most effective one)
, 17. Type 1 hypersensitivity Answer: E. Immediate response to allergen, food, meds,
pollen, asthma, allergic reactions
P. IgE binds with antigen at 1st exposure. Antigen binds with this complex at 2nd exposure
Inflammatory cascade initiates.
C.M. Urticaria, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, angioedema, anaphylaxis
27. Atopic disorders Answer: Genetic Type 1 hypersensitivity, asthma, hay fever, eczema,
urticaria
28. Type 2 hypersensitivity Answer: E. Antibodies directed against fixed antigens on the
plasma membrane of cells
C.M. Varies depending on alloimmune or autoimmune
29. All immunity and example of hypersensitivity Answer: When an individuals immune
system reacts against antigens on the tissues of other members of the same species
Blood transfusions- causes clumping and lysis of RBC- fever, nausea, chills, low back
pain, dark urine, hives, itching, SOB
Rh incompatibility- hemolytic disease of newborn with jaundice, give Rhogam within 72
hours of birth (Rh- mother with
Rh+ child)
30. Autoimmunity and example of hypersensitivity Answer: A breakdown of tolerance
in which the bodies immune system begins to recognize self-antigens as foreign.
Graves Disease- autoantibodies form against thyroid cells- bind to thyroid cells and
mimic action of TSH, increases secretion of thyroxine
