NURS 231 PATHOPHYS FINAL EXAM |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS |\ |\
A bodybuilder's muscles will display hyperplasia. - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
✔✔False
Barrett esophagus |\
is an example of dysplasia - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔false
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
hypertrophy is an increase in the size of an organ or tissue caused by an
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
increase in the number of cells - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔True
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Lack of nerve stimulation can cause cells to atrophy - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
✔✔True
proportion of people with a disease who are positive for the disease -
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔sensitivity |\ |\
how likely the same result will occur if repeated - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
✔✔reliability
how a tool measures what it is intended to measure - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
✔✔validity
,people without the disease who are negative on a given test - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔specificity |\
Which is NOT true of the cytoskeleton? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔it includes
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
peroxisomes and proteasomes |\ |\
Which of the following are true of the cell? Select all that apply. - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔1: Proteins carry out the functions of the cell membrane
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
2:Lysosomes are the digestive system of the cell
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
3:Microfilaments are thin, threadlike cytoplasmic structures |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Which are true of the cell membrane? Select all that apply. - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔1: Controls the transport of materials from the outside fluids to
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
within
|\
2:Helps with the conduction of electrical currents in nerve and muscle cells
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
3: Aids in the regulation of cell growth and proliferation
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Which are false of the mitochondria? Select all that apply. - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔1: They are found far from the site of energy consumption.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
2:They control free radicals.
|\ |\ |\
High blood pressure is an example of which of the following? - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔pathophysiology |\
A patient complains of chest pain and an elevated blood pressure. What are
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
these examples of? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔signs and symptoms
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
,Which of the following is true of a test's sensitivity? - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
✔✔If negative, it can safely be assumed that the person does not have a
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
disease
Chemical agents (poison, alcohol) are examples of which of the following? -
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Etiologic factors |\ |\ |\
Define tertiary prevention and give an example: - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
✔✔Tertiary prevention occurs after a disease has been diagnosed and clinical
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
intervention is needed to reduce complications or deterioration. One example
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
is the use of certain medications one must take after a heart attack to help
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
reduce the risk of a future event or death.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Compare and contrast the two types of gangrenous necrosis. - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔In dry gangrene the affected tissue becomes dry and shrinks,
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
the skin wrinkles, and its color changes to dark brown or black. The spread of
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
dry gangrene is slow. It results from a cut off in arterial blood supply and is
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
a form of coagulation necrosis. In wet gangrene, the affected area is cold,
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
swollen, and pulseless. The skin is moist, black, and under tension. Blebs form
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
on the surface, liquefaction occurs, and a foul odor is caused by bacterial
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
action. The spread of tissue damage is rapid.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Explain what necrosis is and give an example and description of one type of
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
necrosis. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔necrosis is cell death to an organ or tissue
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
with still being apart of a living person. An example of this would be
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
luiquefactive necrosis. this is when the cells die and the catalytic enzymes do
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
not get destroyed after the cells death. This could cause necrosis
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
, sunburn - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔radiation injury
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
obesity - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔nutritional imbalances
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
reactive oxygen species - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔free radical injury
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
low oxygen to tissues - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔hypoxic cell injury
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
fractures - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔physical agents
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
OTC drugs - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Chemical injury
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
hypothermia - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔physical agents |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
radiation treatment - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔radiation injury
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
lead toxicity - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔chemical injury
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
bacteria - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔biologic agents
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
List the 4 types of tissue found in the body. Pick 2 and give a description and
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
example of each. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Epithelial tissue- covers the body's
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
outer surface, it is avascular and gets its o2 from the capillaries found in the
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS |\ |\
A bodybuilder's muscles will display hyperplasia. - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
✔✔False
Barrett esophagus |\
is an example of dysplasia - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔false
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
hypertrophy is an increase in the size of an organ or tissue caused by an
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
increase in the number of cells - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔True
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Lack of nerve stimulation can cause cells to atrophy - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
✔✔True
proportion of people with a disease who are positive for the disease -
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔sensitivity |\ |\
how likely the same result will occur if repeated - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
✔✔reliability
how a tool measures what it is intended to measure - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
✔✔validity
,people without the disease who are negative on a given test - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔specificity |\
Which is NOT true of the cytoskeleton? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔it includes
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
peroxisomes and proteasomes |\ |\
Which of the following are true of the cell? Select all that apply. - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔1: Proteins carry out the functions of the cell membrane
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
2:Lysosomes are the digestive system of the cell
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
3:Microfilaments are thin, threadlike cytoplasmic structures |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Which are true of the cell membrane? Select all that apply. - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔1: Controls the transport of materials from the outside fluids to
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
within
|\
2:Helps with the conduction of electrical currents in nerve and muscle cells
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
3: Aids in the regulation of cell growth and proliferation
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Which are false of the mitochondria? Select all that apply. - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔1: They are found far from the site of energy consumption.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
2:They control free radicals.
|\ |\ |\
High blood pressure is an example of which of the following? - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔pathophysiology |\
A patient complains of chest pain and an elevated blood pressure. What are
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
these examples of? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔signs and symptoms
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
,Which of the following is true of a test's sensitivity? - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
✔✔If negative, it can safely be assumed that the person does not have a
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
disease
Chemical agents (poison, alcohol) are examples of which of the following? -
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Etiologic factors |\ |\ |\
Define tertiary prevention and give an example: - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
✔✔Tertiary prevention occurs after a disease has been diagnosed and clinical
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
intervention is needed to reduce complications or deterioration. One example
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
is the use of certain medications one must take after a heart attack to help
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
reduce the risk of a future event or death.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Compare and contrast the two types of gangrenous necrosis. - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔In dry gangrene the affected tissue becomes dry and shrinks,
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
the skin wrinkles, and its color changes to dark brown or black. The spread of
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
dry gangrene is slow. It results from a cut off in arterial blood supply and is
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
a form of coagulation necrosis. In wet gangrene, the affected area is cold,
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
swollen, and pulseless. The skin is moist, black, and under tension. Blebs form
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
on the surface, liquefaction occurs, and a foul odor is caused by bacterial
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
action. The spread of tissue damage is rapid.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Explain what necrosis is and give an example and description of one type of
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
necrosis. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔necrosis is cell death to an organ or tissue
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
with still being apart of a living person. An example of this would be
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
luiquefactive necrosis. this is when the cells die and the catalytic enzymes do
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
not get destroyed after the cells death. This could cause necrosis
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
, sunburn - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔radiation injury
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
obesity - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔nutritional imbalances
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
reactive oxygen species - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔free radical injury
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
low oxygen to tissues - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔hypoxic cell injury
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
fractures - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔physical agents
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
OTC drugs - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Chemical injury
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
hypothermia - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔physical agents |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
radiation treatment - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔radiation injury
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
lead toxicity - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔chemical injury
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
bacteria - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔biologic agents
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
List the 4 types of tissue found in the body. Pick 2 and give a description and
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
example of each. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Epithelial tissue- covers the body's
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
outer surface, it is avascular and gets its o2 from the capillaries found in the
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
