BIOL133 EXAM 4: CH.16 - 20 QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
The portions of the mature mRNA where RNA-binding proteins can attach in order to
change RNA stability are known as:
A. enhancers
B. untranslated regions
C. codons
D. operators
E. poly-A-tails - Answer -B. untranslated regions
What would happen if there were a mutation in the operator of the trp operon?
A. the trp operon would not be able to express the genes
B. the CAP protein couldn't bind, therefore shutting off the genes
C. the trp operon would continuously express the genes
D. RNA polymerase could not recognize the promoter, so transcription would not occur -
Answer -C. the trp operon would continuously express the genes
If every cell in the body gets the same DNA, how do the cells of an embryo make
different structures and take on different roles? (select all that apply)
A. Different transcription factors are active in different cells
B. Different transcription factors are encoded in the DNA.
C. Genes are spliced differently in different cells.
D. Translation is regulated so that different cells may make more of certain proteins.
E. Some cells lack ribosomes while others use them.
F. cells delete a set of unused genes from their chromosomes. - Answer -A. Different
transcription factors are active in different cells
C. Genes are spliced differently in different cells.
D. Translation is regulated so that different cells may make more of certain proteins.
___ is the first protein to bind to mRNA to being initiation of translation.
A. TFIIA
B. eIF-2
C. TFIID
D. 60S ribosomal subunit
E. 40S ribosomal subunit - Answer -B. eIF-2
What part of the ribosome is important in catalyzing peptide bonds?
A. the rRNA
B. the ribosomal proteins
C. the E site
D. the methyl guanosine Cap - Answer -A. the rRNA
In eukaryotes, where would a protective modification be found on mRNA?
A. on the 5' end
B. on the 3' end
, C. on both the 5' end and the 3' end
D. on neither the 5' end nor the 3' end - Answer -C. on both the 5' end and the 3' end
Enhancers located hundred of bases upstream of a gene can be brought to the
promoter by ___.
A. DNA bending proteins
B. distal control elements
C. initiation factors
D. transcription factors - Answer -A. DNA bending proteins
Epigenetics refers to a special kind of hereditary mechanism. Epigenetic changes do
not change the DNA nucleotide sequence, yet their effect on gene expression can last
for several generations. In one surprising study, it was found that the grandsons of men
who suffered suffered a famine were less likely to die of cardiovascular disease. The
experience of famine made some cardio-protective change in the sperm of those
grandfathers that was passed on.
What type of change was likely responsible?
A. histone acetylation of DNA methylation
B. ubiquitin tagging
C. phosphatase levels
D. transcription factor activity - Answer -A. histone acetylation or DNA methylation
Overexpression of miRNAs can lead to a decrease of protein expression associated
with some forms of cancer. What could a drug do to counter this effect?
A. increase promoter activity of the miRNA genes
B. decrease expression of RNA polymerase
C. increase expression of RISC
D. decrease expression of miRNA - Answer -D. decrease expression of miRNA
A gene is made up of three exons (numbered consecutively) with two introns (intron 1
between exons 1 and 2 and intron 2 between exons 2 and 3). What would happen if
there were a mutation at the 3' splice site of intron 1?
A. mRNA with all three exons and both introns
B. mRNA with only exons 2 and 3
C. mRNA with all three exons along with intron 1
D. mRNA with exons 2 and 3 along with intron 2 - Answer -C. mRNA with all three
exons along with intron 1
Isolating all of the RNA out of an organism, subjecting it to reverse transcriptase, and
then cloning all of the resulting DNA into plasmids is the process of creating.
A. genomic libraries
B. cytogenetic maps
C. cDNA libraries
D. expresses sequence tags - Answer -C. cDNA libraries
The portions of the mature mRNA where RNA-binding proteins can attach in order to
change RNA stability are known as:
A. enhancers
B. untranslated regions
C. codons
D. operators
E. poly-A-tails - Answer -B. untranslated regions
What would happen if there were a mutation in the operator of the trp operon?
A. the trp operon would not be able to express the genes
B. the CAP protein couldn't bind, therefore shutting off the genes
C. the trp operon would continuously express the genes
D. RNA polymerase could not recognize the promoter, so transcription would not occur -
Answer -C. the trp operon would continuously express the genes
If every cell in the body gets the same DNA, how do the cells of an embryo make
different structures and take on different roles? (select all that apply)
A. Different transcription factors are active in different cells
B. Different transcription factors are encoded in the DNA.
C. Genes are spliced differently in different cells.
D. Translation is regulated so that different cells may make more of certain proteins.
E. Some cells lack ribosomes while others use them.
F. cells delete a set of unused genes from their chromosomes. - Answer -A. Different
transcription factors are active in different cells
C. Genes are spliced differently in different cells.
D. Translation is regulated so that different cells may make more of certain proteins.
___ is the first protein to bind to mRNA to being initiation of translation.
A. TFIIA
B. eIF-2
C. TFIID
D. 60S ribosomal subunit
E. 40S ribosomal subunit - Answer -B. eIF-2
What part of the ribosome is important in catalyzing peptide bonds?
A. the rRNA
B. the ribosomal proteins
C. the E site
D. the methyl guanosine Cap - Answer -A. the rRNA
In eukaryotes, where would a protective modification be found on mRNA?
A. on the 5' end
B. on the 3' end
, C. on both the 5' end and the 3' end
D. on neither the 5' end nor the 3' end - Answer -C. on both the 5' end and the 3' end
Enhancers located hundred of bases upstream of a gene can be brought to the
promoter by ___.
A. DNA bending proteins
B. distal control elements
C. initiation factors
D. transcription factors - Answer -A. DNA bending proteins
Epigenetics refers to a special kind of hereditary mechanism. Epigenetic changes do
not change the DNA nucleotide sequence, yet their effect on gene expression can last
for several generations. In one surprising study, it was found that the grandsons of men
who suffered suffered a famine were less likely to die of cardiovascular disease. The
experience of famine made some cardio-protective change in the sperm of those
grandfathers that was passed on.
What type of change was likely responsible?
A. histone acetylation of DNA methylation
B. ubiquitin tagging
C. phosphatase levels
D. transcription factor activity - Answer -A. histone acetylation or DNA methylation
Overexpression of miRNAs can lead to a decrease of protein expression associated
with some forms of cancer. What could a drug do to counter this effect?
A. increase promoter activity of the miRNA genes
B. decrease expression of RNA polymerase
C. increase expression of RISC
D. decrease expression of miRNA - Answer -D. decrease expression of miRNA
A gene is made up of three exons (numbered consecutively) with two introns (intron 1
between exons 1 and 2 and intron 2 between exons 2 and 3). What would happen if
there were a mutation at the 3' splice site of intron 1?
A. mRNA with all three exons and both introns
B. mRNA with only exons 2 and 3
C. mRNA with all three exons along with intron 1
D. mRNA with exons 2 and 3 along with intron 2 - Answer -C. mRNA with all three
exons along with intron 1
Isolating all of the RNA out of an organism, subjecting it to reverse transcriptase, and
then cloning all of the resulting DNA into plasmids is the process of creating.
A. genomic libraries
B. cytogenetic maps
C. cDNA libraries
D. expresses sequence tags - Answer -C. cDNA libraries
