NR 566 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS. VERIFIED 2025/2026.

NR 566 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS. VERIFIED 2025/2026.




Mechanism of action of estrogen and progestin - ANS Diffuses into cells to bind to their
receptors in the cell nucleus. A hormone-receptor complex is formed, which then binds to the
target gene to alter the rate of gene transcription



Estrogen and progestin baseline - ANS HR

BP

Weight

Pregnancy test

Screen for breast cancer

Screen for cardiovascular disease

(estrogen-only) - TSH, triglycerides



Estrogen/progestin contraindications - ANS Abnormal vaginal bleeding

Estrogen-dependent cancers

Breast cancer

Hx thrombus (DVT, PE, MI, CVA) - estrogen only

Abnormal liver function




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,Estrogen adverse effects - ANS - Nausea

- Breast tenderness

- Bloating/Weight gain

- Increased BP

- Thrombosis



Why should estrogen be taken with progestin in menopausal women? - ANS If they take
estrogen alone, there is an increased risk of endometrial cancer



Role of progesterone in menstrual cycle - ANS Secreted in 2nd half of menstrual cycle. If
there is no pregnancy, the levels will decrease



Role of progesterone in pregnancy - ANS Helps maintain pregnancy by preventing uterine
contraction



Decreases GI muscle contraction (causes constipation)



Promotes breast milk production



Increases pH and suppresses pCO2



Suppresses maternal immune system (prevents attack on fetus)



Therapeutic use of progestin - ANS Counteracts endometrial hyperplasia caused by estrogen
alone



Manages dysfunctional uterine bleeding, amenorrhea and endometriosis

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,Supports in vitro and pregnancy in those with corpus luteum deficiency



Progestin adverse effects - ANS breakthrough bleeding, spotting and amenorrhea



patients should report abnormal or prolonged bleeding



What is menopause? - ANS Loss of estrogen that occurs around age 50



Menstrual cycle becomes irregular and then ovulation eventually stops



What are the symptoms of menopause? - ANS Hot flashes/night sweats



Atrophy of urethra (causes frequency and urgency)



Atrophy of vagina (causes dryness and pain w/ intercourse)



Decreased libido/arousal



Memory loss and anxiety



Osteoporosis



Altered lipid metabolism (increases LDL, decreases HDL)



What is doxazosin used for? - ANS nonselective alpha 1 blocker
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, treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)



Side effects of doxazosin - ANS orthostatic hypotension



Beers criteria - doxazosin and terazosin - ANS can cause hypotension, fainting and dizziness
(nonselective alpha blockers)



better to give older adults tamsulosin or dutasteride



When should someone take Viagra before intercourse? - ANS 1 hour before



Nausea is common when first starting____ - ANS estrogen therapies (improves over time)



What type of drug is dutasteride? - ANS 5-alpha reductase inhibitor



What is dutasteride used for? - ANS BPH, especially for those with larger prostates



Dutasteride patient teaching - ANS decreases libido and ejaculate

causes decrease is PSA

teratogenic (don't let pregnant woman handle it and don't donate blood that could be given to
pregnant woman)

capsule must be swallowed whole



Dutasteride delayed onset of therapeutic effect - ANS has long half-life - takes 5 weeks after
stopping the drug to leave the system; takes time to work


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