BIOCHEMISTRY ACS EXAM
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS(RATED A+)
Biotin - ANSWERa. possession by two or more organisms of a characteristic inherited
exclusively from their common ancestor
Cytochrome C - ANSWERStructure
Flavin Ring System - ANSWERStructure
NAD - ANSWERStructure
Glycerophospholipids - ANSWERStructure
Sphingolipids - ANSWERGlycerophospholipids, in which the hydrophobic regions are
composed of two fatty acids joined to glycerol. Sphingolipids, in which a single fatty acid
is joined to a fatty amine, sphingosine.
Sterols - ANSWERStructure
Eicosonoids - ANSWERAre derived fro arachidoric acid
Structure
Four classes of eicosanoids - ANSWERprostaglandine
prostcycline
throboxanes
leukotrienes
Triacylglycerols - ANSWERStructure
Chloramphenicol - ANSWERantibiotic, chloramphenicol is a bacteriostatic by inhibiting
protein synthesis. It prevents protein chain elongation by inhibiting the peptidyl
transferase activity of the bacterial ribosome. It specifically binds to A2451 and A2452
residues in the 23S rRNA of the 50S ribosomal subunit, preventing peptide bond
formation
Ribosome dimensions - ANSWERStructure
LDL-Low Density Lipoprotein - ANSWERTo deliver cholesterol to cells, where it is used
in membranes, or for the synthesis of steroid hormones
HDL-High Density Lipoprotein - ANSWER* transport cholesterol from the cells and
tissue back to the liver.
, * good as it takes cholesterol out of cells and the blood and helps to prevent excess
cholesterol
Familial Hypercholesterolemia - ANSWER-genetic disorder
-caused by a defect on chromosome 19.
- body unable to remove low density lipoprotein (LDL, or bad) cholesterol from the
blood= ^ level of LDL in blood.
LDL
HDL - ANSWERStructures
*More cholesterol in the LDL aka more cholesterol in the blood and cell (BAD)
Carbohydrates:
Connections:Alpha - ANSWERBoth sugars are connected to the oxygen on the same
side
Carbohydrates:
Connections:Beta - ANSWERThe sugars are connected to the oxygen on different sides
Carbohydrates: Glycosidic Linkages - ANSWER- dehydration synthesis reaction forms a
bond between carbon atoms in two monosaccharides, sandwiching an oxygen atom
between them & releasing H2O molecule
Role of Phosphorylation in Signal Transduction - ANSWERa. Protein phosphorylation --
> vital role in intracellular signal transduction. Many of the proteins that make up a
signaling pathway are kinases, from the tyrosine kinase receptors at the cell surface to
downstream effector proteins, many of which are serine/threonine kinases.
b. Ligand binding @ the cell surface establishes a phosphorylation cascade, with the
phosphorylation & activation of 1 protein stimulating the phosphorylation of another,
subsequently amplifying a signal and transmitting it through the cell. The signal
continues to propagate until it is switched off by the action of a phosphatase.
Electron Transport Chain:Mitochondria: Electron Donor - ANSWERNADH and FADH2
Electron Transport Chain:Mitochondria: Intermediate complex - ANSWERUbiquinone,
CoQ, Succinate Dehydrogenase, Cytochrome C
Electron Transport Chain:Mitochondria: Electron Acceptors - ANSWEROxygen
Electron Transport Chain:Chloroplast : Electron donor - ANSWERH2O
Electron Transport Chain:Chloroplast: Intermediate complex - ANSWERCytochrome,
quinones
Electron Transport Chain:Chloroplast: Electron Acceptors - ANSWERNADP
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS(RATED A+)
Biotin - ANSWERa. possession by two or more organisms of a characteristic inherited
exclusively from their common ancestor
Cytochrome C - ANSWERStructure
Flavin Ring System - ANSWERStructure
NAD - ANSWERStructure
Glycerophospholipids - ANSWERStructure
Sphingolipids - ANSWERGlycerophospholipids, in which the hydrophobic regions are
composed of two fatty acids joined to glycerol. Sphingolipids, in which a single fatty acid
is joined to a fatty amine, sphingosine.
Sterols - ANSWERStructure
Eicosonoids - ANSWERAre derived fro arachidoric acid
Structure
Four classes of eicosanoids - ANSWERprostaglandine
prostcycline
throboxanes
leukotrienes
Triacylglycerols - ANSWERStructure
Chloramphenicol - ANSWERantibiotic, chloramphenicol is a bacteriostatic by inhibiting
protein synthesis. It prevents protein chain elongation by inhibiting the peptidyl
transferase activity of the bacterial ribosome. It specifically binds to A2451 and A2452
residues in the 23S rRNA of the 50S ribosomal subunit, preventing peptide bond
formation
Ribosome dimensions - ANSWERStructure
LDL-Low Density Lipoprotein - ANSWERTo deliver cholesterol to cells, where it is used
in membranes, or for the synthesis of steroid hormones
HDL-High Density Lipoprotein - ANSWER* transport cholesterol from the cells and
tissue back to the liver.
, * good as it takes cholesterol out of cells and the blood and helps to prevent excess
cholesterol
Familial Hypercholesterolemia - ANSWER-genetic disorder
-caused by a defect on chromosome 19.
- body unable to remove low density lipoprotein (LDL, or bad) cholesterol from the
blood= ^ level of LDL in blood.
LDL
HDL - ANSWERStructures
*More cholesterol in the LDL aka more cholesterol in the blood and cell (BAD)
Carbohydrates:
Connections:Alpha - ANSWERBoth sugars are connected to the oxygen on the same
side
Carbohydrates:
Connections:Beta - ANSWERThe sugars are connected to the oxygen on different sides
Carbohydrates: Glycosidic Linkages - ANSWER- dehydration synthesis reaction forms a
bond between carbon atoms in two monosaccharides, sandwiching an oxygen atom
between them & releasing H2O molecule
Role of Phosphorylation in Signal Transduction - ANSWERa. Protein phosphorylation --
> vital role in intracellular signal transduction. Many of the proteins that make up a
signaling pathway are kinases, from the tyrosine kinase receptors at the cell surface to
downstream effector proteins, many of which are serine/threonine kinases.
b. Ligand binding @ the cell surface establishes a phosphorylation cascade, with the
phosphorylation & activation of 1 protein stimulating the phosphorylation of another,
subsequently amplifying a signal and transmitting it through the cell. The signal
continues to propagate until it is switched off by the action of a phosphatase.
Electron Transport Chain:Mitochondria: Electron Donor - ANSWERNADH and FADH2
Electron Transport Chain:Mitochondria: Intermediate complex - ANSWERUbiquinone,
CoQ, Succinate Dehydrogenase, Cytochrome C
Electron Transport Chain:Mitochondria: Electron Acceptors - ANSWEROxygen
Electron Transport Chain:Chloroplast : Electron donor - ANSWERH2O
Electron Transport Chain:Chloroplast: Intermediate complex - ANSWERCytochrome,
quinones
Electron Transport Chain:Chloroplast: Electron Acceptors - ANSWERNADP
