Taylor
His Theory of Scientific Management argued the following:
• Workers do not naturally enjoy work and so need close supervision and
control
• Therefore, managers should break down production into a series of small
tasks
• Workers should then be given appropriate training and tools so they can
work as efficiently as possible on one set task.
• Workers are then paid according to the number of items they produce in a
set period of time- piece-rate pay.
• As a result, workers are encouraged to work hard and maximise their
productivity.
Key summary for Taylor:
• Workers given one repetitive task so they can learn to master it
• Managers should give orders and closely control workers
• Workers should be paid per item they produced – piece rate
Hertzberg
• Job enlargement – workers being given a greater variety of tasks to
perform (not necessarily more challenging) which should make the work
more interesting.
• Job enrichment - involves workers being given a wider range of more
complex and challenging tasks surrounding a complete unit of work. This
should give a greater sense of achievement.
• Empowerment means delegating more power to employees to make their
own decisions over areas of their working life.
• Key summary for Herzberg:
• Workers motivated to work harder by motivators e.g. more responsibility,
more interesting work, more praise for good work
• Workers can become de-motivated if hygiene factors are not met e.g. pay,
working conditions, relationships with colleagues
Mayo
Mayo concluded that workers are best motivated by:
Better communication between managers and workers
Greater manager involvement in employees working lives
Working in groups or teams
His Theory of Scientific Management argued the following:
• Workers do not naturally enjoy work and so need close supervision and
control
• Therefore, managers should break down production into a series of small
tasks
• Workers should then be given appropriate training and tools so they can
work as efficiently as possible on one set task.
• Workers are then paid according to the number of items they produce in a
set period of time- piece-rate pay.
• As a result, workers are encouraged to work hard and maximise their
productivity.
Key summary for Taylor:
• Workers given one repetitive task so they can learn to master it
• Managers should give orders and closely control workers
• Workers should be paid per item they produced – piece rate
Hertzberg
• Job enlargement – workers being given a greater variety of tasks to
perform (not necessarily more challenging) which should make the work
more interesting.
• Job enrichment - involves workers being given a wider range of more
complex and challenging tasks surrounding a complete unit of work. This
should give a greater sense of achievement.
• Empowerment means delegating more power to employees to make their
own decisions over areas of their working life.
• Key summary for Herzberg:
• Workers motivated to work harder by motivators e.g. more responsibility,
more interesting work, more praise for good work
• Workers can become de-motivated if hygiene factors are not met e.g. pay,
working conditions, relationships with colleagues
Mayo
Mayo concluded that workers are best motivated by:
Better communication between managers and workers
Greater manager involvement in employees working lives
Working in groups or teams
