AP Biology Exam Review UPDATED Study Guide QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS

AP Biology Exam Review UPDATED Study
Guide QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
Ethology - CORRECT ANSWERS study of animal behavior


Behavior - CORRECT ANSWERS what an animal does and how it does
it


Instinct (Innate) Behavior - CORRECT ANSWERS behaviors that are
inherited


Kinesis - CORRECT ANSWERS random movement of animal in
relation to stimulus; the stimulus causes an alteration in rate or direction of
activity or movement.


Fixed-action Patterns - CORRECT ANSWERS sequence of unlearned
acts that are unchangeable and usually continue until they are completed


Signal - CORRECT ANSWERS stimulus that causes change in behavior


Learned Behaviors - CORRECT ANSWERS Behaviors that are modified
based on specific experiences
example: nest building


Associative Learning - CORRECT ANSWERS ability to connect one
stimulus with another

,Classical Conditioning - CORRECT ANSWERS arbitrary stimulus
associated with particular outcome
example: training a dog


Operant Conditioning (trial and error) - CORRECT ANSWERS when
faced with two choices, an organism can learn to choose the option with the best
reward.
example: students who study to improve their grades


Cognition - CORRECT ANSWERS process of knowing that involves
awareness, reasoning, recollection, and judgement


Social Learning - CORRECT ANSWERS learning by observing others


Altruism - CORRECT ANSWERS engaging in behavior that doesn't help
you, but helps rest of population (selfless)


Agonistic Behavior - CORRECT ANSWERS threats, rituals, and
combat; settles disputes over resources, asserting dominance


Foraging - CORRECT ANSWERS food obtaining behavior


Sexual Selection - CORRECT ANSWERS seeking and attracting
mates/choosing and competing for males


Pheromones - CORRECT ANSWERS Chemical signals


Imprinting - CORRECT ANSWERS Some baby bird species will follow
the first moving object they see usually the mother.

,example: ducks


Migration - CORRECT ANSWERS organisms move from one place to
another periodically, generally in response to temperature or food availability.
example: geese, monarch butterflies


Hibernation - CORRECT ANSWERS An organism goes dormant for a
long period of time to escape cold temperatures
example: bears, chipmunks, frogs


Positive Chemotaxis - CORRECT ANSWERS An organism responds to
a chemical by moving towards it.
example: male cockroach pheromones attract females


Negative Chemotaxis - CORRECT ANSWERS An organism responds to
a chemical by moving away from it.
example: the smell of a skunk repels other animals


Positive Phototaxis - CORRECT ANSWERS An organism responds to
light by moving towards it.
example: moths to a light


Negative Phototaxis - CORRECT ANSWERS An organism responds to
light by moving away from it.
example: moles live underground


Mutualism (+/+) - CORRECT ANSWERS Both species benefit
example: bee and flowers

, Commensalism (+/0) - CORRECT ANSWERS One species benefits and
the other is unaffected
example: whale and barnacle


Parasitism (-/-) - CORRECT ANSWERS one species benefits and the
other is harmed
example: dog and flea


Intra-specific Competition - CORRECT ANSWERS occurs among
organisms of same species


Inter-specific Competition - CORRECT ANSWERS Occurs among
organisms of different species
example: competition between hyenas and lions for a dead zebra


Batesian Mimicry - CORRECT ANSWERS Mimicking a poisonous
organism's coloring


Disruptive Coloring - CORRECT ANSWERS Obscures size/shape of an
organisms body
example: zebras's stripes


genetic fitness - CORRECT ANSWERS increase of survival and passage
of genes to next generation


proximate causation - CORRECT ANSWERS immediate cause of
behavior that is easily measured--How?