Anatomy and Physiology: Chapter 19
(Blood)
Blood - Answers-Fluid connective tissue with cells
Functions of Blood - Answers-1. Transport
2. Regulation of pH and ions in interstitial fluid
3. Restriction of fluid loss in injury (i.e. clotting)
4. Defense against toxins + pathogens
5. Stabilize Body Temperature
What does blood transport? - Answers-1. Gases (O2 + CO2)
2. Nutrients
3. Waste
4. Hormones
What's in blood? - Answers-Plasma (55%) and Formed Elements (45%)
Plasma - Answers-The liquid part of blood. Makes up ~55% of blood. It is protein rich (denser than
water), ion rich, and made of mostly water (92%).
Interstitial Fluid - Answers-The fluid between cells.
, What are the differences between plasma and interstitial fluid? - Answers-They both have different
levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide. They also have different protein types and concentrations.
What are the similarities between plasma and interstitial fluid? - Answers-They both are 92% water by
volume and have a similar ion content.
Formed Elements - Answers-Cells and fragments within the blood. Make up ~45% of blood. RBC, WBC,
and Platelets.
RBC - Answers-Erythrocytes
Carry O2 and CO2
-99.9% of formed elements in blood
-~1/3 of cells in human body
-Large surface:volume ratio, good for easy gas exchange at tissue
-stackable
-can bend and squeeze thru tiny passages
Hematocrit - Answers-% of whole blood contributed by formed elements.
Effected by:
-hydration level
-EPO
-bleeding or problems with RBC formation/degradation
It differs between sexes
(Blood)
Blood - Answers-Fluid connective tissue with cells
Functions of Blood - Answers-1. Transport
2. Regulation of pH and ions in interstitial fluid
3. Restriction of fluid loss in injury (i.e. clotting)
4. Defense against toxins + pathogens
5. Stabilize Body Temperature
What does blood transport? - Answers-1. Gases (O2 + CO2)
2. Nutrients
3. Waste
4. Hormones
What's in blood? - Answers-Plasma (55%) and Formed Elements (45%)
Plasma - Answers-The liquid part of blood. Makes up ~55% of blood. It is protein rich (denser than
water), ion rich, and made of mostly water (92%).
Interstitial Fluid - Answers-The fluid between cells.
, What are the differences between plasma and interstitial fluid? - Answers-They both have different
levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide. They also have different protein types and concentrations.
What are the similarities between plasma and interstitial fluid? - Answers-They both are 92% water by
volume and have a similar ion content.
Formed Elements - Answers-Cells and fragments within the blood. Make up ~45% of blood. RBC, WBC,
and Platelets.
RBC - Answers-Erythrocytes
Carry O2 and CO2
-99.9% of formed elements in blood
-~1/3 of cells in human body
-Large surface:volume ratio, good for easy gas exchange at tissue
-stackable
-can bend and squeeze thru tiny passages
Hematocrit - Answers-% of whole blood contributed by formed elements.
Effected by:
-hydration level
-EPO
-bleeding or problems with RBC formation/degradation
It differs between sexes
