FAA Oral FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS
AND 100% CORRECT SOLUTIONS||
UPDATED 2025/2026 SYLLABUS||
100% GUARANTEED PASS||ALREADY
GRADED A+||<<NEWEST
VERSION>>
What effect does a forward center of gravity have on an aircraft's flight
characteristics? - ANSWER ✓ Higher stall speed, slower cruise speed, more stable,
greater back elevator pressure required
What effect does a rearward center of gravity have on an aircraft's flight
characteristics? - ANSWER ✓ Lower stall speed, higher cruise speed, less stable
What are the standard weights assumed for the following when calculating weight
and balance problems? - ANSWER ✓ Crew and passengers = 170 lbs each
Gasoline = 6 lbs/U.S. gal
Oil = 7.5 lbs/U.S. gal
Water = 8.35 lbs/U.S. gal
What are some of the main elements of aircraft performance? - ANSWER ✓
Takeoff and landing distance, rate of climb, ceiling, payload, range, speed, fuel
economy
What factors affect the performance of an aircraft during takeoffs and landings? -
ANSWER ✓ Air density (density altitude), surface wind, runway surface, upslope
or downslope of runway, weight
Define: Density Altitude - ANSWER ✓ Density altitude is pressure altitude
corrected for nonstandard temperature. It is the measurement of air density in terms
of an altitude in a standard atmosphere.
, How does air density affect aircraft performance? - ANSWER ✓ It has a direct
effect on: Lift produced by the wings; power output of the engine; propeller
efficiency; and drag forces
What factors affect air density? - ANSWER ✓ Altitude- the higher the altitude,
the less dense the air.
Temperature- the warmer the air, the less dense it is.
Humidity- more humid air is less dense.
Define: True Airspeed (TAS) - ANSWER ✓ The speed of the airplane in relation
to the airmass in which it is flying.
Define: Indicated Airspeed (IAS) - ANSWER ✓ The speed of the airplane as
observed on the airspeed indicator.
Define: Calibrated Airspeed (CAS) - ANSWER ✓ The airspeed indicator reading
corrected for position and instrument errors.
Define: Equivalent Airspeed - ANSWER ✓ The airspeed indicator reading
corrected for position, or instrument error, and for adiabatic compressible flow for
the particular altitude.
Define: Vso - ANSWER ✓ Stall speed in landing configuration; 46 KIAS
Define: Vs - ANSWER ✓ Stall speed clean or in specified configuration; 48 KIAS
Define: Vy - ANSWER ✓ Best rate-of-climb speed; the calibrated airspeed at
which the airplane will obtain the maximum increase in altitude per unit of time;
70 KIAS
Define: Vx - ANSWER ✓ Best angle-of-climb speed; 61 KIAS
Define: V(LE) - ANSWER ✓ Maximum landing gear extension speed; the
maximum calibrated airspeed at which the airplane can be safely flown with the
landing gear extended; N/A for PA-38
, Define: V(LO) - ANSWER ✓ Maximum landing gear operating speed: the
maximum calibrated airspeed at which the landing gear can be safely extended or
retracted; N/A for PA-38
Define: V(FE) - ANSWER ✓ Maximum flap extension speed; the highest
calibrated airspeed permissible with the wing flaps in a prescribed extended
position; 89 KIAS
Define: V(A) - ANSWER ✓ Maneuvering speed; the calibrated design
maneuvering airspeed. The is the maximum speed at which the limit load can be
imposed (either by gusts or full deflection of the control surfaces) without causing
structural damage; 103 KIAS
Define: V(NO) - ANSWER ✓ Normal operating speed; the maximum calibrated
airspeed for normal operation or the maximum structural cruise speed. This is the
speed above which exceeding the limit load factor may cause permanent
deformation of the airplane structure; 110 KIAS
Define: V(NE) - ANSWER ✓ Never exceed speed; the calibrated airspeed which
should never be exceeded. It flight is attempted above this speed, structural
damage or structural failure may result; 138 KIAS
Define the term "pressure altitude," and state why it is important. - ANSWER ✓
Pressure altitude is the altitude in the standard atmosphere corresponding to a
particular pressure level. Pressure altitude is important as a basis for determining
aircraft performance as well as for assigning flight levels to aircraft operating at
high altitude. Pressure altitude can be determined by setting the barometric scale of
the altimeter to 29.92" Hg and reading the indicated altitude.
What is the normal climb-out speed? - ANSWER ✓ 70 KIAS
What is the best rate-of-climb speed? - ANSWER ✓ 70 KIAS
What is the best angle-of-climb speed? - ANSWER ✓ 61 KIAS
What is the maximum flap extension speed? - ANSWER ✓ 89 KIAS
AND 100% CORRECT SOLUTIONS||
UPDATED 2025/2026 SYLLABUS||
100% GUARANTEED PASS||ALREADY
GRADED A+||<<NEWEST
VERSION>>
What effect does a forward center of gravity have on an aircraft's flight
characteristics? - ANSWER ✓ Higher stall speed, slower cruise speed, more stable,
greater back elevator pressure required
What effect does a rearward center of gravity have on an aircraft's flight
characteristics? - ANSWER ✓ Lower stall speed, higher cruise speed, less stable
What are the standard weights assumed for the following when calculating weight
and balance problems? - ANSWER ✓ Crew and passengers = 170 lbs each
Gasoline = 6 lbs/U.S. gal
Oil = 7.5 lbs/U.S. gal
Water = 8.35 lbs/U.S. gal
What are some of the main elements of aircraft performance? - ANSWER ✓
Takeoff and landing distance, rate of climb, ceiling, payload, range, speed, fuel
economy
What factors affect the performance of an aircraft during takeoffs and landings? -
ANSWER ✓ Air density (density altitude), surface wind, runway surface, upslope
or downslope of runway, weight
Define: Density Altitude - ANSWER ✓ Density altitude is pressure altitude
corrected for nonstandard temperature. It is the measurement of air density in terms
of an altitude in a standard atmosphere.
, How does air density affect aircraft performance? - ANSWER ✓ It has a direct
effect on: Lift produced by the wings; power output of the engine; propeller
efficiency; and drag forces
What factors affect air density? - ANSWER ✓ Altitude- the higher the altitude,
the less dense the air.
Temperature- the warmer the air, the less dense it is.
Humidity- more humid air is less dense.
Define: True Airspeed (TAS) - ANSWER ✓ The speed of the airplane in relation
to the airmass in which it is flying.
Define: Indicated Airspeed (IAS) - ANSWER ✓ The speed of the airplane as
observed on the airspeed indicator.
Define: Calibrated Airspeed (CAS) - ANSWER ✓ The airspeed indicator reading
corrected for position and instrument errors.
Define: Equivalent Airspeed - ANSWER ✓ The airspeed indicator reading
corrected for position, or instrument error, and for adiabatic compressible flow for
the particular altitude.
Define: Vso - ANSWER ✓ Stall speed in landing configuration; 46 KIAS
Define: Vs - ANSWER ✓ Stall speed clean or in specified configuration; 48 KIAS
Define: Vy - ANSWER ✓ Best rate-of-climb speed; the calibrated airspeed at
which the airplane will obtain the maximum increase in altitude per unit of time;
70 KIAS
Define: Vx - ANSWER ✓ Best angle-of-climb speed; 61 KIAS
Define: V(LE) - ANSWER ✓ Maximum landing gear extension speed; the
maximum calibrated airspeed at which the airplane can be safely flown with the
landing gear extended; N/A for PA-38
, Define: V(LO) - ANSWER ✓ Maximum landing gear operating speed: the
maximum calibrated airspeed at which the landing gear can be safely extended or
retracted; N/A for PA-38
Define: V(FE) - ANSWER ✓ Maximum flap extension speed; the highest
calibrated airspeed permissible with the wing flaps in a prescribed extended
position; 89 KIAS
Define: V(A) - ANSWER ✓ Maneuvering speed; the calibrated design
maneuvering airspeed. The is the maximum speed at which the limit load can be
imposed (either by gusts or full deflection of the control surfaces) without causing
structural damage; 103 KIAS
Define: V(NO) - ANSWER ✓ Normal operating speed; the maximum calibrated
airspeed for normal operation or the maximum structural cruise speed. This is the
speed above which exceeding the limit load factor may cause permanent
deformation of the airplane structure; 110 KIAS
Define: V(NE) - ANSWER ✓ Never exceed speed; the calibrated airspeed which
should never be exceeded. It flight is attempted above this speed, structural
damage or structural failure may result; 138 KIAS
Define the term "pressure altitude," and state why it is important. - ANSWER ✓
Pressure altitude is the altitude in the standard atmosphere corresponding to a
particular pressure level. Pressure altitude is important as a basis for determining
aircraft performance as well as for assigning flight levels to aircraft operating at
high altitude. Pressure altitude can be determined by setting the barometric scale of
the altimeter to 29.92" Hg and reading the indicated altitude.
What is the normal climb-out speed? - ANSWER ✓ 70 KIAS
What is the best rate-of-climb speed? - ANSWER ✓ 70 KIAS
What is the best angle-of-climb speed? - ANSWER ✓ 61 KIAS
What is the maximum flap extension speed? - ANSWER ✓ 89 KIAS
