NUR 445: CARDIAC EXAM QUESTION
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 2025
What are the potential signs and symptoms of a myocardial infarction (MI)? -
ANSWERS- Chest pain
- Arm pain
- Jaw pain
- Shortness of breath
- Nausea/vomiting
- Fatigue
What is the purpose of diuretics in heart failure? - ANSWERSTo reduce fluid
accumulation caused by ineffective heart pumping
What is ejection fraction? - ANSWERSThe amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle
with each heart beat
What is the immediate treatment for suspected MI? (Hint: O.S.A.M) - ANSWERS-
Oxygen
- Sublingual nitroglycerin
- Aspirin
- Morphine
What are antiplatelets (Plavix/Clopidogrel) used for? - ANSWERSTo prevent future
clotting after a percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) procedure
What are five signs of poor cardiac output? (Hint: "Rene Cooks Delicious Tacos Daily" -
ANSWERS- Restlessness
- Cool pale skin
- Thready pulses
- Diaphoresis
- Decreased urine output
What is cardiac catheterization (e.g., PCI)? - ANSWERSAn invasive diagnostic
procedure to diagnose blockages and restore blood flow to the heart
What is SVT? - ANSWERSSupraventricular tachycardia, a dysrhythmia with a heart rate
of 150 bpm, treated with adenosine
What do ACE inhibitors and ARBs do? - ANSWERSThey reduce afterload, making it
easier for the heart to eject blood
, What is a pacemaker used for? - ANSWERSTo treat very slow symptomatic
arrhythmias
What four labs are monitored for anticoagulation medications? - ANSWERS- Platelets
- PT
- PTT
- INR
What are five care and teaching topics for heart failure? - ANSWERS- Dietary and fluid
restrictions
- Weight monitoring
- Exertional dyspnea
- Blood pressure monitoring
- Medication management
What are the signs of digoxin toxicity? - ANSWERSNausea/vomiting and visual
disturbances
What is atherosclerosis? - ANSWERSA gradual buildup of plaque inside the artery walls
What are the treatments to restore blood flow in a myocardial infarction (MI)? -
ANSWERS- PCI procedure
- Thrombolytics
- Heparin therapy
- Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)
What is a cardiac diet? - ANSWERSA diet that is high in fiber, low in cholesterol, low in
fat, and low in salt
What is STEMI (ST-Elevated MI)? - ANSWERSA type of MI characterized by tissue
death and predominantly shown on an EKG
What is synchronized cardioversion used for? - ANSWERSTo treat symptomatic atrial
fibrillation or flutter
What lip profile is used to evaluate the increased risk of MI? - ANSWERS- HDL
- LDL
- Cholesterol
- Triglycerides
What are the signs and symptoms of right-sided heart failure? - ANSWERS- Jugular
venous distention (JVD)
- Dependent edema
- Enlarged liver and spleen
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 2025
What are the potential signs and symptoms of a myocardial infarction (MI)? -
ANSWERS- Chest pain
- Arm pain
- Jaw pain
- Shortness of breath
- Nausea/vomiting
- Fatigue
What is the purpose of diuretics in heart failure? - ANSWERSTo reduce fluid
accumulation caused by ineffective heart pumping
What is ejection fraction? - ANSWERSThe amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle
with each heart beat
What is the immediate treatment for suspected MI? (Hint: O.S.A.M) - ANSWERS-
Oxygen
- Sublingual nitroglycerin
- Aspirin
- Morphine
What are antiplatelets (Plavix/Clopidogrel) used for? - ANSWERSTo prevent future
clotting after a percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) procedure
What are five signs of poor cardiac output? (Hint: "Rene Cooks Delicious Tacos Daily" -
ANSWERS- Restlessness
- Cool pale skin
- Thready pulses
- Diaphoresis
- Decreased urine output
What is cardiac catheterization (e.g., PCI)? - ANSWERSAn invasive diagnostic
procedure to diagnose blockages and restore blood flow to the heart
What is SVT? - ANSWERSSupraventricular tachycardia, a dysrhythmia with a heart rate
of 150 bpm, treated with adenosine
What do ACE inhibitors and ARBs do? - ANSWERSThey reduce afterload, making it
easier for the heart to eject blood
, What is a pacemaker used for? - ANSWERSTo treat very slow symptomatic
arrhythmias
What four labs are monitored for anticoagulation medications? - ANSWERS- Platelets
- PT
- PTT
- INR
What are five care and teaching topics for heart failure? - ANSWERS- Dietary and fluid
restrictions
- Weight monitoring
- Exertional dyspnea
- Blood pressure monitoring
- Medication management
What are the signs of digoxin toxicity? - ANSWERSNausea/vomiting and visual
disturbances
What is atherosclerosis? - ANSWERSA gradual buildup of plaque inside the artery walls
What are the treatments to restore blood flow in a myocardial infarction (MI)? -
ANSWERS- PCI procedure
- Thrombolytics
- Heparin therapy
- Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)
What is a cardiac diet? - ANSWERSA diet that is high in fiber, low in cholesterol, low in
fat, and low in salt
What is STEMI (ST-Elevated MI)? - ANSWERSA type of MI characterized by tissue
death and predominantly shown on an EKG
What is synchronized cardioversion used for? - ANSWERSTo treat symptomatic atrial
fibrillation or flutter
What lip profile is used to evaluate the increased risk of MI? - ANSWERS- HDL
- LDL
- Cholesterol
- Triglycerides
What are the signs and symptoms of right-sided heart failure? - ANSWERS- Jugular
venous distention (JVD)
- Dependent edema
- Enlarged liver and spleen
