BIO 169 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
The main site of gas exchange is the - Answer -alveoli
The walls of the alveoli are composed of two types of cells, type I and type II alveolar
cells. The function of type II alveolar cells is to - Answer -secrete surfactant
Complete the following statement using the choices below. Air moves out of the lungs
when the pressure inside the lungs is - Answer -greater than the pressure in the
atmosphere
Intrapulmonary pressure is the - Answer -pressure within the alveoli of the lungs
The statement, "in a mixture of gases, the total pressure is the sum of the individual
partial pressures of gases in the mixture" paraphrases - Answer -Dalton's law
Surfactant helps to prevent the alveoli from collapsing by - Answer -reducing the
surface tension of alveolar fluid
In the plasma, the quantity of oxygen in solution is - Answer -only about 1.5% of the
oxygen carried in blood
Which of the following refers to the movement of air into and out of the lungs? - Answer
-pulmonary ventilation
Tidal volume is air - Answer -exchanged during normal breathing
The nose serves all of the following functions EXCEPT - Answer -A. as the direct
initiator of the cough reflex
B. cleansing the air
C. as a passageway for air movement
D. warming and humidifying the air
A. as the direct initiator of the cough reflex
Respiratory control centers are located in the - Answer -medulla and pons
The amount of air that can be inspired above the tidal volume is called - Answer -
inspiratory reserve volume
Oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged in the lungs and through all cell membranes
by - Answer -diffusion
How is the bulk of carbon dioxide transported in blood? - Answer -as bicarbonate ions
in plasma after first entering the red blood cells
,Most inspired particles such as dust fail to reach the lungs because of the - Answer -
ciliated mucous lining in the nose
Which structure is lined with simple squamous epithelium? - Answer -alveolus
Which of the following is a conducting zone structure? - Answer -terminal bronchiole
After the segmental (tertiary) bronchus, the next smaller branch of the respiratory
passageway is (are) the - Answer -terminal bronchioles
The pleurae are vital to the integrity of the lungs because - Answer -they produce a
lubricating serous secretion, allowing the lungs to glide over the thorax wall during
breathing.
The chemical and mechanical processes of food breakdown are called - Answer -
digestion
Which of the following is the least involved in the mechanical breakdown of food,
digestion or absorption of nutrients? - Answer -the esophagus
Which of the following is NOT true of saliva? - Answer -A. contains acids which aid in
chemical digestion
B. moistens food and aids in compacting of the bolus
C. cleanses mouth
D. contains enzymes that begin the breakdown of carbohydrates.
A. contains acids which aid in chemical digestion
The structure known as the fauces is the - Answer -passageway between the oral
cavity and the pharynx
Peristaltic waves are - Answer -waves of muscular contractions that propel contents
from one point to another
You have just eaten a meal high in complex carbohydrates. Which of the following
enzymes will help to digest the meal? - Answer -amylase
Which of the following is an essential role played by large intestine bacteria? - Answer -
fermentation of indigestible carbohydrate
From the esophagus to the anal canal, the walls of every organ of the alimentary canal
are made up of the same four basic layers. Arrange them in order from the lumen. -
Answer -Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, and serosa
, There are three phases of gastric secretion. The cephalic phase occurs - Answer -
before food enters the stomach and is triggered by aroma, sight, or thought.
The function of goblet cells is to - Answer -produce mucus that protects parts if the
digestive organs from the effects of powerful enzymes needed for food digestion.
You have just eaten a meal high in fat. Which of the following enzymes will help to
digest the meal? - Answer -lipase
The terminal portion of the small intestine is known as the - Answer -ileum
Which vitamin requires intrinsic factor in oder to be absorbed? - Answer -B12
The bolus is liquefied in the __________ and it is now called chyme. - Answer -
stomach
Bile salts bind at their hydrophobic regions to large fat globules within the chyme that
enters the duodenum. Bile salts break up the fat globule into smaller fat droplets. This
role of bile salts is best described as - Answer -lipid emulsification
What part if the tooth is the exterior layer that we can see? - Answer -enamel
The absorptive effectiveness of the small intestine is enhanced by increasing the
surface area of the mucosal lining. Which of the following accomplish this task? -
Answer -villi and microvilli
The sheets of peritoneal membrane that hold the digestive tract in place are called -
Answer -mesenteries
Fat absorption through the plasma membrane of epithelial cells - Answer -occurs by
simple diffusion because lipids are able to penetrate the hydrophobic fatty acid tails
within the plasma membrane
All of the following are true of swallowing (deglutition) EXCEPT one. Select the
statement that is NOT true of swallowing - Answer -A. the voluntary phase of
swallowing takes place within the mouth
B. the mouth, pharynx and esophagus all take part in swallowing
C. the involuntary portion of swallowing takes place in the pharynx
D. the epiglottis assists in propelling food into the trachea
D. the epiglottis assists in propelling food into the trachea.
TRUE/FALSE
The olfactory mucosal lining of the nasal cavity contains the receptors for the sense of
smell. - Answer -TRUE
The main site of gas exchange is the - Answer -alveoli
The walls of the alveoli are composed of two types of cells, type I and type II alveolar
cells. The function of type II alveolar cells is to - Answer -secrete surfactant
Complete the following statement using the choices below. Air moves out of the lungs
when the pressure inside the lungs is - Answer -greater than the pressure in the
atmosphere
Intrapulmonary pressure is the - Answer -pressure within the alveoli of the lungs
The statement, "in a mixture of gases, the total pressure is the sum of the individual
partial pressures of gases in the mixture" paraphrases - Answer -Dalton's law
Surfactant helps to prevent the alveoli from collapsing by - Answer -reducing the
surface tension of alveolar fluid
In the plasma, the quantity of oxygen in solution is - Answer -only about 1.5% of the
oxygen carried in blood
Which of the following refers to the movement of air into and out of the lungs? - Answer
-pulmonary ventilation
Tidal volume is air - Answer -exchanged during normal breathing
The nose serves all of the following functions EXCEPT - Answer -A. as the direct
initiator of the cough reflex
B. cleansing the air
C. as a passageway for air movement
D. warming and humidifying the air
A. as the direct initiator of the cough reflex
Respiratory control centers are located in the - Answer -medulla and pons
The amount of air that can be inspired above the tidal volume is called - Answer -
inspiratory reserve volume
Oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged in the lungs and through all cell membranes
by - Answer -diffusion
How is the bulk of carbon dioxide transported in blood? - Answer -as bicarbonate ions
in plasma after first entering the red blood cells
,Most inspired particles such as dust fail to reach the lungs because of the - Answer -
ciliated mucous lining in the nose
Which structure is lined with simple squamous epithelium? - Answer -alveolus
Which of the following is a conducting zone structure? - Answer -terminal bronchiole
After the segmental (tertiary) bronchus, the next smaller branch of the respiratory
passageway is (are) the - Answer -terminal bronchioles
The pleurae are vital to the integrity of the lungs because - Answer -they produce a
lubricating serous secretion, allowing the lungs to glide over the thorax wall during
breathing.
The chemical and mechanical processes of food breakdown are called - Answer -
digestion
Which of the following is the least involved in the mechanical breakdown of food,
digestion or absorption of nutrients? - Answer -the esophagus
Which of the following is NOT true of saliva? - Answer -A. contains acids which aid in
chemical digestion
B. moistens food and aids in compacting of the bolus
C. cleanses mouth
D. contains enzymes that begin the breakdown of carbohydrates.
A. contains acids which aid in chemical digestion
The structure known as the fauces is the - Answer -passageway between the oral
cavity and the pharynx
Peristaltic waves are - Answer -waves of muscular contractions that propel contents
from one point to another
You have just eaten a meal high in complex carbohydrates. Which of the following
enzymes will help to digest the meal? - Answer -amylase
Which of the following is an essential role played by large intestine bacteria? - Answer -
fermentation of indigestible carbohydrate
From the esophagus to the anal canal, the walls of every organ of the alimentary canal
are made up of the same four basic layers. Arrange them in order from the lumen. -
Answer -Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, and serosa
, There are three phases of gastric secretion. The cephalic phase occurs - Answer -
before food enters the stomach and is triggered by aroma, sight, or thought.
The function of goblet cells is to - Answer -produce mucus that protects parts if the
digestive organs from the effects of powerful enzymes needed for food digestion.
You have just eaten a meal high in fat. Which of the following enzymes will help to
digest the meal? - Answer -lipase
The terminal portion of the small intestine is known as the - Answer -ileum
Which vitamin requires intrinsic factor in oder to be absorbed? - Answer -B12
The bolus is liquefied in the __________ and it is now called chyme. - Answer -
stomach
Bile salts bind at their hydrophobic regions to large fat globules within the chyme that
enters the duodenum. Bile salts break up the fat globule into smaller fat droplets. This
role of bile salts is best described as - Answer -lipid emulsification
What part if the tooth is the exterior layer that we can see? - Answer -enamel
The absorptive effectiveness of the small intestine is enhanced by increasing the
surface area of the mucosal lining. Which of the following accomplish this task? -
Answer -villi and microvilli
The sheets of peritoneal membrane that hold the digestive tract in place are called -
Answer -mesenteries
Fat absorption through the plasma membrane of epithelial cells - Answer -occurs by
simple diffusion because lipids are able to penetrate the hydrophobic fatty acid tails
within the plasma membrane
All of the following are true of swallowing (deglutition) EXCEPT one. Select the
statement that is NOT true of swallowing - Answer -A. the voluntary phase of
swallowing takes place within the mouth
B. the mouth, pharynx and esophagus all take part in swallowing
C. the involuntary portion of swallowing takes place in the pharynx
D. the epiglottis assists in propelling food into the trachea
D. the epiglottis assists in propelling food into the trachea.
TRUE/FALSE
The olfactory mucosal lining of the nasal cavity contains the receptors for the sense of
smell. - Answer -TRUE
