Instrumental Analysis ACS Exam Questions & Answers | 100% Verified solutions |Questions with Correct Answers 2025 latest update!!

Instrumental Analysis ACS Exam Questions &
Answers | 100% Verified solutions |Questions with
Correct Answers 2025 latest update!!

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Terms in this set (50)


S/N = mean/STDEV

How to calculate signal to
-inverse of RSD
noise
-STDEV: 5 (#STDEV gaussian curve)
-STDEV: peak-to-peak noise/5

-increase S/N, increase run time
S/N relationships
-decrease noise, increase S/N

Beer's Law

, Beer's Law Calculations


Hard ionization vs soft -hard: no M+ peak (or small)
ionization -soft: M+ peak is visible

-impart high quantities of residual energy in the
MS: hard ionization
subject molecule invoking large degrees of
sources
fragmentation

MS: hard ionization -electron impact
sources examples

-Uses electron impact to ionize a molecule
-gas phase
-energetic electrons
Electron Impact (EI)
-possibility of over fragmentation
-hard
-most common

-good stability
EI advantages -universal ionization
-reproducible spectra

-MW can be hard to determine
EI disadvantages -compatible only with volatiles (GCMS)
-Hard to make negative ions

-processes which impart little residual energy onto
MS: soft ionization sources the subject molecule and as such result in little
fragmentation

-CI
MS: soft ionization sources
-ESI
examples
-MALDI

-First ionizes a molecular gas which in turn ionizes the
molecule of interest. A "gentler" method of ionization.
-soft
Chemical ionization (CI)
-electron beam creates ions
-proton transfer between reagent gas and the analyte
-gives MW and MW+1 or MW-1