What is T value or Soil Loss Tolerance Value?
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- Maximum amount of soil loss in tons/acre/yr that can be tolerated and
still permit a high level of crop productivity to be sustained economically &
indefinitely.
- Usually values range between 1 to 5 tons/acre/yr.
- Used with USLE.
,What is the Andisol (and) Order? Diagnostic surface & subsurface horizons?
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Surface: any, but usually melanic (not one you are responsible for)
Subsurface: various; parent material must be volcanic ash or cinders.
- They have not had time to become highly weathered.
- Must have andic properties; high content of volcanic glass and/or
amorphous or poorly crystalline Fe/Al minerals; results in light, fluffy soils
that are easily tilled with high water holding capacity.
- Usually high P fixing ability.
- Volcanic
What happens when a clay soil overlies a sandy layer?
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1. Clay holds water tightly (low matric potential).
2. Sand holds water loosely (high matric potential).
3. Water moves from high to low matric potential.
4. Clay will prevent water from percolating into larger pores until most of
its pores are saturated.
What are the 5 soil forming factors?
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, 1. Climate (active)
2. Biota (active)
3. Topography
4. Parent material
5. Time
What is Soil color Chroma?
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Intensity of color; 0 (none of hue color) to 10 (all hue color).
What is the Permanent Wilting Point?
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1. Moisture content of soil at which plants wilt & fail to regain turgor
overnight.
2. Defined as -1500 kPa (-15 to -30 bar).
3. Soil may appear dry, but there is some water (hygroscopic water) that will
not move by capillarity.
What is Erosion? What are the 2 Types of Erosion?
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Transformation of soil into sediment.
1. Geological Erosion - takes place naturally; natural leveling process.
2. Human-Accelerated Erosion - occurs when people disturb the soil or
natural vegetation by grazing, cutting forest, plowing, or tearing up land for
, construction; ~ 10 to 1000x more destructive than geological erosion;
particularly problematic on sloping lands; in US, 4 billion mg of soil is
moved annually by soil erosion (2/3 by water, 1/3 by wind).
Water enters sandy rapidly. Surface water does not enter buried sand
until___________________.
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soil saturated & free water.
Is infiltration rate a constant for a given soil?
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No; many factors can affect the rate of infiltration even if the soil is the
same.
What are the common subsurface horizons that are Cemented or Dense Horizons?
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1. Duripan (Bqm) - hardpan, strongly cemented by Si; Duras, hard.
2. Fragipan (Bx) - brittle pan, usually loamy textured, dense; Fragilus, brittle.
Give this one a try later!
- Maximum amount of soil loss in tons/acre/yr that can be tolerated and
still permit a high level of crop productivity to be sustained economically &
indefinitely.
- Usually values range between 1 to 5 tons/acre/yr.
- Used with USLE.
,What is the Andisol (and) Order? Diagnostic surface & subsurface horizons?
Give this one a try later!
Surface: any, but usually melanic (not one you are responsible for)
Subsurface: various; parent material must be volcanic ash or cinders.
- They have not had time to become highly weathered.
- Must have andic properties; high content of volcanic glass and/or
amorphous or poorly crystalline Fe/Al minerals; results in light, fluffy soils
that are easily tilled with high water holding capacity.
- Usually high P fixing ability.
- Volcanic
What happens when a clay soil overlies a sandy layer?
Give this one a try later!
1. Clay holds water tightly (low matric potential).
2. Sand holds water loosely (high matric potential).
3. Water moves from high to low matric potential.
4. Clay will prevent water from percolating into larger pores until most of
its pores are saturated.
What are the 5 soil forming factors?
Give this one a try later!
, 1. Climate (active)
2. Biota (active)
3. Topography
4. Parent material
5. Time
What is Soil color Chroma?
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Intensity of color; 0 (none of hue color) to 10 (all hue color).
What is the Permanent Wilting Point?
Give this one a try later!
1. Moisture content of soil at which plants wilt & fail to regain turgor
overnight.
2. Defined as -1500 kPa (-15 to -30 bar).
3. Soil may appear dry, but there is some water (hygroscopic water) that will
not move by capillarity.
What is Erosion? What are the 2 Types of Erosion?
Give this one a try later!
Transformation of soil into sediment.
1. Geological Erosion - takes place naturally; natural leveling process.
2. Human-Accelerated Erosion - occurs when people disturb the soil or
natural vegetation by grazing, cutting forest, plowing, or tearing up land for
, construction; ~ 10 to 1000x more destructive than geological erosion;
particularly problematic on sloping lands; in US, 4 billion mg of soil is
moved annually by soil erosion (2/3 by water, 1/3 by wind).
Water enters sandy rapidly. Surface water does not enter buried sand
until___________________.
Give this one a try later!
soil saturated & free water.
Is infiltration rate a constant for a given soil?
Give this one a try later!
No; many factors can affect the rate of infiltration even if the soil is the
same.
What are the common subsurface horizons that are Cemented or Dense Horizons?
Give this one a try later!
1. Duripan (Bqm) - hardpan, strongly cemented by Si; Duras, hard.
2. Fragipan (Bx) - brittle pan, usually loamy textured, dense; Fragilus, brittle.
