FCCN level 1 Exam Questions and
Answers Graded A+
minimum urine output for adult - Correct answer-0.5mL/kg/hr
ADH (antidiuretic hormone) - Correct answer-- water retainer
- vasoconstrictor (also called Vasopressin)
- produced by hypothalamus
- store and released from posterior pituitary
ADH pathway - Correct answer-- hypothalamus senses low blood volumed and
increased serum osmolality
- signal pituitary to release ADH
- ADH causes kidney to retain water
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,- water retention increases blood volume and decreases serum osmolality
ANP (atrial natriuretic peptide) - Correct answer-- cardiac hormone stored in atria
- released when atrial pressure increases
*works opposite of RAAS by decreasing BP and reducing intravascular volume
- important diagnostic marker in CHF
hydrostatic pressure - Correct answer-- forces fluids and solutes through the
capillary wall and into the tissue spaces
colloid osmotic pressure - Correct answer-- pulling force of albumin in the
intravascular spaces
- pull fluid into vasculature
maintenance fluid therapy - Correct answer-- replaces normal ongoing losses of
water and electrolytes (urine, sweat, respiration, stool)
replacement therapy - Correct answer-- corrects any existing water and or
electrolyte deficits
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,isotonic fluids - Correct answer-- tonicity equal to plasma in the body
- no fluid shifts because the solutions are equally concentrated
- LR
- NS
- D5W
hypotonic fluids - Correct answer-- lower concentration of solutes in the
vasculature than in the cell
- fluid shifts into the cell to dilute the electrolytes (CELL SWELLS)
- 0.45NS
hypertonic fluid - Correct answer-- higher concentration of solutes in the
vasculature than in the cell
- pulls fluid out of cells and into the vessels (CELL SHRINKS)
- D5 .45NS
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, - D5NS
- D5LR
- 3%, 7%, 23.4% NaCl
colloids - Correct answer-- pull fluid into bloodstream
Albumin
- 5% is osmotically equal to plasma
- 25% draws 4 times the normal volume into the circulation
blood - Correct answer-- not a risk free fluid replacement
- this is liquid transplant
third spacing - Correct answer-- fluid is not lost from the body but the fluid is not
available for use in the intracellular or extracellular compartments (fluid is in
between tissues/cells)
- this patient is intravascularly dry and still needs more fluid
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Answers Graded A+
minimum urine output for adult - Correct answer-0.5mL/kg/hr
ADH (antidiuretic hormone) - Correct answer-- water retainer
- vasoconstrictor (also called Vasopressin)
- produced by hypothalamus
- store and released from posterior pituitary
ADH pathway - Correct answer-- hypothalamus senses low blood volumed and
increased serum osmolality
- signal pituitary to release ADH
- ADH causes kidney to retain water
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,- water retention increases blood volume and decreases serum osmolality
ANP (atrial natriuretic peptide) - Correct answer-- cardiac hormone stored in atria
- released when atrial pressure increases
*works opposite of RAAS by decreasing BP and reducing intravascular volume
- important diagnostic marker in CHF
hydrostatic pressure - Correct answer-- forces fluids and solutes through the
capillary wall and into the tissue spaces
colloid osmotic pressure - Correct answer-- pulling force of albumin in the
intravascular spaces
- pull fluid into vasculature
maintenance fluid therapy - Correct answer-- replaces normal ongoing losses of
water and electrolytes (urine, sweat, respiration, stool)
replacement therapy - Correct answer-- corrects any existing water and or
electrolyte deficits
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
,isotonic fluids - Correct answer-- tonicity equal to plasma in the body
- no fluid shifts because the solutions are equally concentrated
- LR
- NS
- D5W
hypotonic fluids - Correct answer-- lower concentration of solutes in the
vasculature than in the cell
- fluid shifts into the cell to dilute the electrolytes (CELL SWELLS)
- 0.45NS
hypertonic fluid - Correct answer-- higher concentration of solutes in the
vasculature than in the cell
- pulls fluid out of cells and into the vessels (CELL SHRINKS)
- D5 .45NS
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
, - D5NS
- D5LR
- 3%, 7%, 23.4% NaCl
colloids - Correct answer-- pull fluid into bloodstream
Albumin
- 5% is osmotically equal to plasma
- 25% draws 4 times the normal volume into the circulation
blood - Correct answer-- not a risk free fluid replacement
- this is liquid transplant
third spacing - Correct answer-- fluid is not lost from the body but the fluid is not
available for use in the intracellular or extracellular compartments (fluid is in
between tissues/cells)
- this patient is intravascularly dry and still needs more fluid
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 4
