Bacteria gain access to the female urinary tract by which means?
A) systemic blood that is filtered through the kidney
B) bacteria traveling from the lymph adjacent to the bladder and kidneys
C) bacteria ascending the urethra into the bladder
D) colonization of the bladder when urine is static
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Ans: C- bacteria ascending the urethra into the bladder
Anemia of chronic renal failure can be successfully treated with which element?
A) intrinsic factor
B) vitamin B12
C) vitamin D
D) erythropoietin
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Ans: D- erythropoietin
What is the pathophysiologic process responsible for the autoimmune disorder of
hemolyticuremic syndrome (HUS)?
A) immunoglobulin A (IgA) coas erythorcytes that are destroyed by the spleen, and
remnants are excreted through the kidneys
B) verotoxin from Escherichia coli (E. coli) is absorbed from the intestines and
damages erythrocytes and endothelial cells
C) endotoxins from E. coli block the erythoropoietin produced by the kidneys, which
reduces the number of erthrocytes produced by the bone marrow
D) failure of the nephrons to filter urea increases the blood urea nitrogen (BUN),
which binds to erythrocytes that are subsequently destroyed by the spleen
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Ans: B- verotoxins from Escherichia coli (E. coli) is absorbed from the
intestines and damages erythrocytes and endothelial cells
Blood vessels of the kidneys are innervated by the:
A) vagus nerve
B) sympathetic nervous system
C) somatic nervous system
D) parasympathetic nervous system
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A) systemic blood that is filtered through the kidney
B) bacteria traveling from the lymph adjacent to the bladder and kidneys
C) bacteria ascending the urethra into the bladder
D) colonization of the bladder when urine is static
Give this one a try later!
Ans: C- bacteria ascending the urethra into the bladder
Anemia of chronic renal failure can be successfully treated with which element?
A) intrinsic factor
B) vitamin B12
C) vitamin D
D) erythropoietin
, Give this one a try later!
Ans: D- erythropoietin
What is the pathophysiologic process responsible for the autoimmune disorder of
hemolyticuremic syndrome (HUS)?
A) immunoglobulin A (IgA) coas erythorcytes that are destroyed by the spleen, and
remnants are excreted through the kidneys
B) verotoxin from Escherichia coli (E. coli) is absorbed from the intestines and
damages erythrocytes and endothelial cells
C) endotoxins from E. coli block the erythoropoietin produced by the kidneys, which
reduces the number of erthrocytes produced by the bone marrow
D) failure of the nephrons to filter urea increases the blood urea nitrogen (BUN),
which binds to erythrocytes that are subsequently destroyed by the spleen
Give this one a try later!
Ans: B- verotoxins from Escherichia coli (E. coli) is absorbed from the
intestines and damages erythrocytes and endothelial cells
Blood vessels of the kidneys are innervated by the:
A) vagus nerve
B) sympathetic nervous system
C) somatic nervous system
D) parasympathetic nervous system
Give this one a try later!
