,Tableof Contents b
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Unit I: Levels of Organization
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• Chapter 1: An Introduction to the Human Body
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• Chapter 2: The Chemical Level of Organization
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• Chapter 3: The Cellular Level of Organization
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• Chapter 4: The Tissue Level of Organization
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Unit II: Support and Movement
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• Chapter 5: The Integumentary System
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• Chapter 6: Bone and Skeletal Tissue
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• Chapter 7: The Axial Skeleton
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• Chapter 8: The Appendicular Skeleton
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• Chapter 9: Joints
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• Chapter 10: Muscle Tissue
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• Chapter 11: The Muscular System
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Unit III: Regulation, Integration, and Control
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• Chapter s b 12: Nervous Tissue
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• Chapter s b 13: The Anatomy of the Nervous System
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• Chapter s b 14: The Somatic Nervous System
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• Chapter s b 15: The Autonomic Nervous System
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• Chapter s b 16: The Neurological Exam
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• Chapter s b 17: The Endocrine System
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Unit IV: Fluids and Transport
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• Chapter s b 18: The sb sb Cardiovascular System: Blood sb sb
• Chapter s b 19: The sb sb Cardiovascular System: The Heart sb sb sb
• Chapter s b 20: The sb sb Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation sb sb s b sb sb
• Chapter s b 21: The sb sb Lymphatic System and Immunity s b sb sb
Unit V: Energy, Maintenance, and Environmental Exchange
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• Chapter 22: The Respiratory System
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• Chapter 23: The Digestive System
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• Chapter 24: Nutrition and Metabolism
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• Chapter 25: The Urinary System
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• Chapter 26: Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid–Base Balance
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Unit VI: Human Development and the Continuity of Life
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• Chapter s b 27: The Reproductive System
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• Chapter s b 28: Development and Genetic Inheritance
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• Chapter s b 29: Development and Inheritance
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• Chapter s b 30: Pregnancy and Childbirth
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,Chapter 1:An Introduction to the Human Body
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1. The study of the structure of bodyparts and their relationships is called:
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A. Anatomy
B. Physiology
C. Pathology
D. Biochemistry
Answer: A. Anatomy
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Rationale: Anatomy focuses on bodystructures; physiology studies functions.
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2. Which of the following best describes physiology?
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A. Study of the body’s chemical composition
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B. Study of the function of bodyparts
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C. Study of external landmarks
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D. Study of tissues under a microscope
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Answer: B. Study of the function of bodyparts
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Rationale: Physiology examines how organs and systems work to sustain life.
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3. The smallest structural unit of life is the:
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A. Atom
B. Cell
C. Tissue
D. Organ
Answer: B. Cell sb sb
Rationale: Cells are the basic unit of life; atoms form molecules, but are not alive.
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4. Which level of organization consists of groups of similar cells performing a c
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ommon function?
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A. Organ level sb
B. Tissue level sb
C. Chemical level sb
D. Organ system sb
Answer: B. Tissue level
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Rationale: Tissues are composedofsimilar cells with a shared role.
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, 5. The process bywhich the bodymaintains stable internal conditions is called:
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A. Homeostasis
B. Metabolism
C. Differentiation
D. Catabolism
Answer: A. Homeostasis
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Rationale: Homeostasis keeps internal conditions stable despite external changes.
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6. A negative feedback mechanism:
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A. Enhances the original stimulus sb sb sb
B. Reverses a change toward normal conditions
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C. Causes rapid deviationssb sb
D. Leads to homeostatic imbalance
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Answer: B. Reverses a change toward normal conditions
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Rationale: Negative feedback maintains stability by reversing deviations.
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7. The anatomical position is characterized by:
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A. Standing with palms facing forward sb sb sb sb
B. Sitting with hands on lap
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C. Lying down with palms downward
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D. Standing with arms crossed sb sb sb
Answer: A. Standing with palms facing forward
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Rationale: Standard anatomical position ensures consistencyin descriptions.
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8. Which directional term means “toward the head”?
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A. Inferior
B. Superior
C. Posterior
D. Distal
Answer: B. Superior
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Rationale: Superior means above; inferior means below.
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9. The sternum is
sb sb sb to the spine.
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A. Anterior
B. Posterior
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Unit I: Levels of Organization
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• Chapter 1: An Introduction to the Human Body
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• Chapter 2: The Chemical Level of Organization
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• Chapter 3: The Cellular Level of Organization
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• Chapter 4: The Tissue Level of Organization
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Unit II: Support and Movement
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• Chapter 5: The Integumentary System
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• Chapter 6: Bone and Skeletal Tissue
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• Chapter 7: The Axial Skeleton
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• Chapter 8: The Appendicular Skeleton
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• Chapter 9: Joints
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• Chapter 10: Muscle Tissue
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• Chapter 11: The Muscular System
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Unit III: Regulation, Integration, and Control
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• Chapter s b 12: Nervous Tissue
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• Chapter s b 13: The Anatomy of the Nervous System
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• Chapter s b 14: The Somatic Nervous System
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• Chapter s b 15: The Autonomic Nervous System
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• Chapter s b 16: The Neurological Exam
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• Chapter s b 17: The Endocrine System
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Unit IV: Fluids and Transport
sb sb sb sb
• Chapter s b 18: The sb sb Cardiovascular System: Blood sb sb
• Chapter s b 19: The sb sb Cardiovascular System: The Heart sb sb sb
• Chapter s b 20: The sb sb Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation sb sb s b sb sb
• Chapter s b 21: The sb sb Lymphatic System and Immunity s b sb sb
Unit V: Energy, Maintenance, and Environmental Exchange
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• Chapter 22: The Respiratory System
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• Chapter 23: The Digestive System
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• Chapter 24: Nutrition and Metabolism
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• Chapter 25: The Urinary System
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• Chapter 26: Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid–Base Balance
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Unit VI: Human Development and the Continuity of Life
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• Chapter s b 27: The Reproductive System
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• Chapter s b 28: Development and Genetic Inheritance
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• Chapter s b 29: Development and Inheritance
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• Chapter s b 30: Pregnancy and Childbirth
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,Chapter 1:An Introduction to the Human Body
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s sb sb sb sb sb
1. The study of the structure of bodyparts and their relationships is called:
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A. Anatomy
B. Physiology
C. Pathology
D. Biochemistry
Answer: A. Anatomy
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Rationale: Anatomy focuses on bodystructures; physiology studies functions.
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2. Which of the following best describes physiology?
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A. Study of the body’s chemical composition
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B. Study of the function of bodyparts
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C. Study of external landmarks
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D. Study of tissues under a microscope
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Answer: B. Study of the function of bodyparts
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Rationale: Physiology examines how organs and systems work to sustain life.
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3. The smallest structural unit of life is the:
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A. Atom
B. Cell
C. Tissue
D. Organ
Answer: B. Cell sb sb
Rationale: Cells are the basic unit of life; atoms form molecules, but are not alive.
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4. Which level of organization consists of groups of similar cells performing a c
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ommon function?
sb
A. Organ level sb
B. Tissue level sb
C. Chemical level sb
D. Organ system sb
Answer: B. Tissue level
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Rationale: Tissues are composedofsimilar cells with a shared role.
sb sb sb bs bs s b sb sb sb sb
, 5. The process bywhich the bodymaintains stable internal conditions is called:
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A. Homeostasis
B. Metabolism
C. Differentiation
D. Catabolism
Answer: A. Homeostasis
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Rationale: Homeostasis keeps internal conditions stable despite external changes.
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6. A negative feedback mechanism:
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A. Enhances the original stimulus sb sb sb
B. Reverses a change toward normal conditions
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C. Causes rapid deviationssb sb
D. Leads to homeostatic imbalance
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Answer: B. Reverses a change toward normal conditions
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Rationale: Negative feedback maintains stability by reversing deviations.
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7. The anatomical position is characterized by:
sb sb sb sb sb
A. Standing with palms facing forward sb sb sb sb
B. Sitting with hands on lap
sb sb sb sb
C. Lying down with palms downward
sb sb sb sb
D. Standing with arms crossed sb sb sb
Answer: A. Standing with palms facing forward
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Rationale: Standard anatomical position ensures consistencyin descriptions.
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8. Which directional term means “toward the head”?
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A. Inferior
B. Superior
C. Posterior
D. Distal
Answer: B. Superior
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Rationale: Superior means above; inferior means below.
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9. The sternum is
sb sb sb to the spine.
sb sb
A. Anterior
B. Posterior
