PSY 2012 FSU FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE
2025/2026
What is psychology? - Answers scientific study of the mind, brain and behavior
What is naïve realism? - Answers the belief that we see the world precisely as it actually is
Common sense - Answers is not always accurate or correct in reality
science - Answers on going process and approach to evidence to keep us from fooling
ourselves
hypothesis - Answers testable predictions
scientific theory - Answers explanation for large number of findings in the natural world
confirmation bias - Answers seeking out evidence that supports hypothesis and neglect
contradicting evidence
belief perseverance - Answers sticking to initial beliefs even when evidence contradicts them
pseudoscience - Answers a set of claims that seem scientific but really is not (lacks safe
guards) (psychics and horoscopes)
Scientific skepticism - Answers evaluating the claim with an open mind but insisting on
persuasive evidence before accepting them
Critical Thinking Principles - Answers Ruling out rival hypothesis
Correlation v. Causation
Falsifiability
Replicability
Extraordinary Claims
Occam's Razor
Heuristics - Answers mental shortcuts
availability heuristics - Answers "off the top of head..." estimating likelihood of an occurrence
based on the ease at which it comes to our minds (plane crash v. car crash)
representative heuristics - Answers ignore how common behaviors actually are (not all crazy
people are psychopaths)
Cognitive Bias - Answers systematic error in thinking that leads to confidence in our claims or
beliefs (overestimating ability)
, Hindsight Bias - Answers "I knew it all along" (ESPN reporters)
Overconfidence Bias - Answers tendency to over estimate our ability to make correct
predictions
Scientific Method - Answers a process to test hypothesis
Naturalistic Observation - Answers observing & describing behavior in real-world settings
Case Study - Answers studying one person for a long time (rare disabilities)
Experimental Designs - Answers independent- what's being manipulated
dependent- what's being measured
control group- do not receive manipulation
Experimental group- receive manipulation
Test the fear of dogs - Answers independent variables (type of dogs) dependent variable
(measure of fear)
Self Report Measures - Answers individuals fill out questionnaires about them selves to asses
personality and mental illness
Four Levels of language - Answers phonemes
morphemes
syntax
extra linguistic information
Phonemes - Answers sounds (Th-e B-o-y h-i-t th-e b-a-ll)
morphemes - Answers small words that have meaning (the, and, doggie, cat, toy)
syntax - Answers grammatical rules of language sentence structure (The Boy Hit The Ball.)
Extra linguistic Info. - Answers tone of voice and facial expression (HELP!!!!!!!)
Language Development
3 stages - Answers Babbling Stage (3-4 months) words that lacks meaning (go,go,ga,ga)
One word Stage (1-2yrs) words to convey a complete thought (MAMA, DADA)
Two word Stage (approaching 2yrs) two word statements ("go car", "come here")
algorithms - Answers step by step processes to solve a problem
2025/2026
What is psychology? - Answers scientific study of the mind, brain and behavior
What is naïve realism? - Answers the belief that we see the world precisely as it actually is
Common sense - Answers is not always accurate or correct in reality
science - Answers on going process and approach to evidence to keep us from fooling
ourselves
hypothesis - Answers testable predictions
scientific theory - Answers explanation for large number of findings in the natural world
confirmation bias - Answers seeking out evidence that supports hypothesis and neglect
contradicting evidence
belief perseverance - Answers sticking to initial beliefs even when evidence contradicts them
pseudoscience - Answers a set of claims that seem scientific but really is not (lacks safe
guards) (psychics and horoscopes)
Scientific skepticism - Answers evaluating the claim with an open mind but insisting on
persuasive evidence before accepting them
Critical Thinking Principles - Answers Ruling out rival hypothesis
Correlation v. Causation
Falsifiability
Replicability
Extraordinary Claims
Occam's Razor
Heuristics - Answers mental shortcuts
availability heuristics - Answers "off the top of head..." estimating likelihood of an occurrence
based on the ease at which it comes to our minds (plane crash v. car crash)
representative heuristics - Answers ignore how common behaviors actually are (not all crazy
people are psychopaths)
Cognitive Bias - Answers systematic error in thinking that leads to confidence in our claims or
beliefs (overestimating ability)
, Hindsight Bias - Answers "I knew it all along" (ESPN reporters)
Overconfidence Bias - Answers tendency to over estimate our ability to make correct
predictions
Scientific Method - Answers a process to test hypothesis
Naturalistic Observation - Answers observing & describing behavior in real-world settings
Case Study - Answers studying one person for a long time (rare disabilities)
Experimental Designs - Answers independent- what's being manipulated
dependent- what's being measured
control group- do not receive manipulation
Experimental group- receive manipulation
Test the fear of dogs - Answers independent variables (type of dogs) dependent variable
(measure of fear)
Self Report Measures - Answers individuals fill out questionnaires about them selves to asses
personality and mental illness
Four Levels of language - Answers phonemes
morphemes
syntax
extra linguistic information
Phonemes - Answers sounds (Th-e B-o-y h-i-t th-e b-a-ll)
morphemes - Answers small words that have meaning (the, and, doggie, cat, toy)
syntax - Answers grammatical rules of language sentence structure (The Boy Hit The Ball.)
Extra linguistic Info. - Answers tone of voice and facial expression (HELP!!!!!!!)
Language Development
3 stages - Answers Babbling Stage (3-4 months) words that lacks meaning (go,go,ga,ga)
One word Stage (1-2yrs) words to convey a complete thought (MAMA, DADA)
Two word Stage (approaching 2yrs) two word statements ("go car", "come here")
algorithms - Answers step by step processes to solve a problem
