Mammography Registry Review exam Q’s and A’s
BSE involves - -Looking & feeling for changes in the breast
-CBE is a check of the breast by who? - -Qualified healthcare professional
-ACS recommends women 20 & older perform BSE - -Every month
-Women 20-39 should have a CBE how often? - -Every 3 years
-Women 40 & older should have screen mammo & CBE how often? - -Every year
-Thorough clinical exam will: - -Locate lumps/suspicious areas
Nipple changes
Skin changes in breast
Lymph nodes n armpit & above collarbone
-Medical/family history provides: - -Symptoms & risk factors for breast cancer & benign
breast conditions; questions about other health problems
-Effectiveness & sensitivity of mammogram ------- with age. - -Increases
-Average glandular dose of screen-film mammogram with grid - -0.1-0.2 rad
-Biggest risk factor for breast cancer - -Gender
-High risk factors - -Age
Genes-brCA1&2...
Close blood relative
Personal hx breast ca
-Moderate risk factors - -1st degree relative w breast ca
Atypical hyperplasia on biopsy
High rad dose to chest
High bone density after menopause
-Minor risk factors - -No child bearing or after 30
Not breast feeding
Early menarche/late menopause
Post menopausal obesity
Long term use HRT/contraceptive
Alcohol consumption
Obesity
-Examples of benign breast disease - -Painful cyst
,Nipple discharge
Only detected on mammo:
Ca+, circumscribed tumors, lesions, asymmetric densities, skin thickening
-2 main classes breast cancer - -Ductal
Lobular
-Most common breast cancer
90% all cases? - -Ductal carcinoma
-Stage 0 carcinoma, confined to duct - -DCIS
-Cancer has spread from ducts into surrounding stromal tissue & possibly pectoral fascia/
muscle - -Invasive/infiltrating Ductal carcinoma
-Lobular carcinoma accounts for --- to ----% all breast cancers - -5-10
-Not seen on mammo in 50% cases, abnormal cells grow w/in lobules not penetrating
lobule walls - -Lobular carcinoma in situ
-Difficult to perceive on mammo, may show as spider web or cause skin retraction - -
Invasive lobular carcinoma
-Other breast carcinomas account for less than 10% & have ----- prognosis than infiltrating
Ductal/lobular cancers - -Better
-Single most effective tool in detection breast cancer - -Mammogram
-Describe malignant asymmetric density on mammogram - -Speculated/stellate lesion w
solid central tumor & radiating structures
-Malignant circumscribed lesions - -Ill-defined & high density radiopaque, except few rare
are low density
-Ductal ca+ - -Granular or casting type Ca+ & usually appear in clusters
-2 types mammography screening - -Conventional-analog
Digital-w cassette or wo
-2 types digital detectors - -Direct
Indirect
(Both are cassette-less)
-Uses high frequency sound waves & based on pizoelectric effect - -U/S
-Highly vascular lesions are often - -Malignant
, -MRI based on magnetic properties of ----- ------- in the body. - -Hydrogen atoms
---------- --------- ----------- involves injecting contrast while breast is under compression - -
Contrast digital mammography
-Dual energy subtraction used for what 3 reasons? - -Enhance masses
Eliminate obscuring structures
Separate soft tissue from contrast or Ca+ deposits
-3 types nuclear medicine studies used w/mammography - -PET
Breast scintigraphy
Lymphoscintigraphy
-PET imaging uses ------ based on the need that cancer cells have for sugar - -FDG-
fluorodeoxyglucose
-Breast scintigraphy aka -------
Or by the trade name -------. - -Scintimammography
Miraluma
-Breast scintigraphy uses what isotope? What kind of camera? - -Tc-99m sestamibi
Gamma
-_______ can be used to reduce blind dissection of axillary nodes & resultant side effects - -
Lymphoscintigraphy
-Lymphoscintigraphy aka - -Sentinel node mapping
-Lymphoscintigraphy uses injection of radio isotope where? - -Around the tumor
-Principle behind Lymphoscintigraphy - -First node, sentinel node, receives drainage from
a tumor & can be used to predict presence or absence of tumor in remaining nodes
-Technology that uses 11 low dose images taken during 7-11 seconds; x-ray tube rotates
50 deg. arc around breast - -Digital tomosynthesis
-which technology produces high resolution 3D , cross section images of breast? - -Digital
tomosynthesis
-CT laser mammography based on what principle? - -angiogenesis
-______ involves removal of content of cyst and is often performed under u/s guidance - -
cyst aspiration
-FNA ideal for cyst eval. and aspiration. Uses ___ to ____ gauge needle - -22-25
BSE involves - -Looking & feeling for changes in the breast
-CBE is a check of the breast by who? - -Qualified healthcare professional
-ACS recommends women 20 & older perform BSE - -Every month
-Women 20-39 should have a CBE how often? - -Every 3 years
-Women 40 & older should have screen mammo & CBE how often? - -Every year
-Thorough clinical exam will: - -Locate lumps/suspicious areas
Nipple changes
Skin changes in breast
Lymph nodes n armpit & above collarbone
-Medical/family history provides: - -Symptoms & risk factors for breast cancer & benign
breast conditions; questions about other health problems
-Effectiveness & sensitivity of mammogram ------- with age. - -Increases
-Average glandular dose of screen-film mammogram with grid - -0.1-0.2 rad
-Biggest risk factor for breast cancer - -Gender
-High risk factors - -Age
Genes-brCA1&2...
Close blood relative
Personal hx breast ca
-Moderate risk factors - -1st degree relative w breast ca
Atypical hyperplasia on biopsy
High rad dose to chest
High bone density after menopause
-Minor risk factors - -No child bearing or after 30
Not breast feeding
Early menarche/late menopause
Post menopausal obesity
Long term use HRT/contraceptive
Alcohol consumption
Obesity
-Examples of benign breast disease - -Painful cyst
,Nipple discharge
Only detected on mammo:
Ca+, circumscribed tumors, lesions, asymmetric densities, skin thickening
-2 main classes breast cancer - -Ductal
Lobular
-Most common breast cancer
90% all cases? - -Ductal carcinoma
-Stage 0 carcinoma, confined to duct - -DCIS
-Cancer has spread from ducts into surrounding stromal tissue & possibly pectoral fascia/
muscle - -Invasive/infiltrating Ductal carcinoma
-Lobular carcinoma accounts for --- to ----% all breast cancers - -5-10
-Not seen on mammo in 50% cases, abnormal cells grow w/in lobules not penetrating
lobule walls - -Lobular carcinoma in situ
-Difficult to perceive on mammo, may show as spider web or cause skin retraction - -
Invasive lobular carcinoma
-Other breast carcinomas account for less than 10% & have ----- prognosis than infiltrating
Ductal/lobular cancers - -Better
-Single most effective tool in detection breast cancer - -Mammogram
-Describe malignant asymmetric density on mammogram - -Speculated/stellate lesion w
solid central tumor & radiating structures
-Malignant circumscribed lesions - -Ill-defined & high density radiopaque, except few rare
are low density
-Ductal ca+ - -Granular or casting type Ca+ & usually appear in clusters
-2 types mammography screening - -Conventional-analog
Digital-w cassette or wo
-2 types digital detectors - -Direct
Indirect
(Both are cassette-less)
-Uses high frequency sound waves & based on pizoelectric effect - -U/S
-Highly vascular lesions are often - -Malignant
, -MRI based on magnetic properties of ----- ------- in the body. - -Hydrogen atoms
---------- --------- ----------- involves injecting contrast while breast is under compression - -
Contrast digital mammography
-Dual energy subtraction used for what 3 reasons? - -Enhance masses
Eliminate obscuring structures
Separate soft tissue from contrast or Ca+ deposits
-3 types nuclear medicine studies used w/mammography - -PET
Breast scintigraphy
Lymphoscintigraphy
-PET imaging uses ------ based on the need that cancer cells have for sugar - -FDG-
fluorodeoxyglucose
-Breast scintigraphy aka -------
Or by the trade name -------. - -Scintimammography
Miraluma
-Breast scintigraphy uses what isotope? What kind of camera? - -Tc-99m sestamibi
Gamma
-_______ can be used to reduce blind dissection of axillary nodes & resultant side effects - -
Lymphoscintigraphy
-Lymphoscintigraphy aka - -Sentinel node mapping
-Lymphoscintigraphy uses injection of radio isotope where? - -Around the tumor
-Principle behind Lymphoscintigraphy - -First node, sentinel node, receives drainage from
a tumor & can be used to predict presence or absence of tumor in remaining nodes
-Technology that uses 11 low dose images taken during 7-11 seconds; x-ray tube rotates
50 deg. arc around breast - -Digital tomosynthesis
-which technology produces high resolution 3D , cross section images of breast? - -Digital
tomosynthesis
-CT laser mammography based on what principle? - -angiogenesis
-______ involves removal of content of cyst and is often performed under u/s guidance - -
cyst aspiration
-FNA ideal for cyst eval. and aspiration. Uses ___ to ____ gauge needle - -22-25
