Uvic Bio 215 Final Exam
The human population is around? - Answers-7.3 billion
Name the top five most populated countries in the world. - Answers-China
India
USA
Indonesia
Brazil
What was the population growth in 2014? - Answers-80 million/year
What was the birth:death ratio in 2014? - Answers-135 million births
55 million deaths
The three type of deforestation are?
Explain - Answers-a) clear cutting -remove all trees in patches from 12 ha to 2000 ha (80 year rotation) -
most invasive, most widespread, greatest profit margin (tropics, scaled back in temperate forests) -the
major method of timber harvest around the globe
b) variable retention - leave representative old growth in each cut block (10-30% retention- WFP)
c) selective cutting - removal of single trees by helicopter
- least invasive of all logging practices
-produces small-gaps in the canopy in which seedling
develop
, -most similar to natural disturbance -cost-prohibitive in most areas
What is the most invasive form of deforestation? - Answers-Clear cutting
What is the least invasive form of deforestation? - Answers-Selective cutting
What is variable retention? - Answers-Leaving representatives of old growth in each block of forest cut
(10-30%)
What form of deforestation is on a rotation? - Answers-Clear cutting. 80 yr rotation.
What are lateritic soils? Give an example of where they may occur. - Answers--soils leached of silica after
deforestation
-concentration of iron, manganese, aluminum, nickel
- Madagascar
What happened in the Amazon? - Answers-Clear cut and burn ("slash and burn") to free up nutrients,
resulted in loss of habitat for native humans
Cattle ranching responsible for 60% of deforestation
In Brazil, it is illegal to do what? - Answers-Collect insects
List the top five countries with the highest deforestation on natural forests in 2000-2005 and
approximate hectares lost. - Answers-Brazil ~3.5million
Indonesia ~1.5million
Russian Federation ~500,000
Mexico ~400,000
The human population is around? - Answers-7.3 billion
Name the top five most populated countries in the world. - Answers-China
India
USA
Indonesia
Brazil
What was the population growth in 2014? - Answers-80 million/year
What was the birth:death ratio in 2014? - Answers-135 million births
55 million deaths
The three type of deforestation are?
Explain - Answers-a) clear cutting -remove all trees in patches from 12 ha to 2000 ha (80 year rotation) -
most invasive, most widespread, greatest profit margin (tropics, scaled back in temperate forests) -the
major method of timber harvest around the globe
b) variable retention - leave representative old growth in each cut block (10-30% retention- WFP)
c) selective cutting - removal of single trees by helicopter
- least invasive of all logging practices
-produces small-gaps in the canopy in which seedling
develop
, -most similar to natural disturbance -cost-prohibitive in most areas
What is the most invasive form of deforestation? - Answers-Clear cutting
What is the least invasive form of deforestation? - Answers-Selective cutting
What is variable retention? - Answers-Leaving representatives of old growth in each block of forest cut
(10-30%)
What form of deforestation is on a rotation? - Answers-Clear cutting. 80 yr rotation.
What are lateritic soils? Give an example of where they may occur. - Answers--soils leached of silica after
deforestation
-concentration of iron, manganese, aluminum, nickel
- Madagascar
What happened in the Amazon? - Answers-Clear cut and burn ("slash and burn") to free up nutrients,
resulted in loss of habitat for native humans
Cattle ranching responsible for 60% of deforestation
In Brazil, it is illegal to do what? - Answers-Collect insects
List the top five countries with the highest deforestation on natural forests in 2000-2005 and
approximate hectares lost. - Answers-Brazil ~3.5million
Indonesia ~1.5million
Russian Federation ~500,000
Mexico ~400,000
