, Hillegass: Essentials of Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy, 3rd Edition
Chapter 1: Anatomy of the Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Systems
Test Bank
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which of the following chest wall structures is located level with the second costal cartilage
anteriorly and thoracic vertebra T4 and T5 posteriorly?
A. Sternal angle
B. Jugular notch
C. Xiphoid process
D. Third costal cartilage
ANS: A
The sternal angle of the w“angle wof wLouis” wis wlevel wwith wthe wsecond wcostal wcartilage
wanteriorly wand wthoracic wvertebrae wT4 wand wT5 wposteriorly.
PTS: 1
2. Pectus wexcuvatum wis wBEST wdescribed was:
A. Deformity wof wthe wsternum wcaused wby wtrauma
B. Caved-in wappearance wof wthe wchest
C. Diminished wrib wangle wanteriorly
D. Conical wshape wof wthe wthoracic wcage
ANS: w w B
Pectus wexcuvatum wis wa wcommon wcongenital wdeformity wof wthe wanterior wwall wof wthe
wchest, win wwhich wseveral wribs wand wthe wsternum wgrow wabnormally; wit wproduces wa
wcaved-in wor wsunken wappearance wof wthe wchest.
PTS: 1
3. The wtrue wribs ware wBEST wdefined wby wwhich wof wthe wfollowing wstatements?
A. Vertebrochondral wribs
B. Vertebrosternal wribs
C. Ribs w11 wand w12
D. Ribs w8, w9, wand w10
ANS: w w B
The wfirst wseven wribs wattach wvia wtheir wcostal wcartilages wto wthe wsternum wand ware wcalled
wthe wtrue wribs w(also wknown was wthe wvertebrosternal wribs).
PTS: 1
Copyright ©2011, 2001, 1994 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
, Test Bank 1-2
4. Which wof wthe wfollowing winterventions wis wMOST wappropriate wfor wa wpatient wwith wlower
wrib wfractures?
A. Short, wshallow wbreaths
B. Pursed wlip wbreathing
C. Deep wbreaths wwith wsplinting
D. Breathing wwith warms wraised
ANS: w w C
It wis wimportant wfor wall wtherapists wto wrecommend wbreathing w(deep wbreathing), wsplinting
w(i.e., wpillow), wand wcoughing wstrategies wfor wpatients wwith wrib wfractures.
PTS: 1
5. Which wof wthe wfollowing wpositions wfacilitates wgreater wexcursion wof wboth whemidiaphragms
wat wrest?
A. Supine wposition
B. Sidelying wposition
C. Standing wposition
D. Sitting wposition
ANS: w w A
In wthe wsupine wposition, wwithout wthe weffects wof wgravity, wthe wlevel wof wthe wdiaphragm win
wthe wthoracic wcavity wrises. wThis wallows wfor wa wrelatively wgreater wexcursion.
PTS: 1
6. Which wof wthe wfollowing wmuscles whelp wto wachieve wthe wactive wprocess wof winspiration wat
wrest?
A. Sternocleidomastoid
B. Diaphragm
C. Abdominal wmuscles
D. Trapezius
ANS: w w B
The wdiaphragm wand winternal wintercostals w(intercartilaginous wportion) ware wthe wessential
wmuscles wto wachieve wthe wactive wprocess wof winspiration wat wrest. wAbdominal wmuscles
wassist wwith wexpiration. wThe wsternocleidomastoid wand wtrapezius ware waccessory wmuscles
wand wassist wwith wa wmore wforceful winspiration.
PTS: 1
7. Which wof wthe wfollowing waccessory wmuscles wof wventilation wfunction wto welevate wand wfix
wthe wfirst wand wsecond wribs?
A. Sternocleidomastoid wmuscle
B. Serratus wanterior
C. Latissimus wdorsi
D. Scalene
wmuscle wANS:
Copyright ©2011, 2001, 1994 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
, Test Bank 1-3
w D
Copyright ©2011, 2001, 1994 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Chapter 1: Anatomy of the Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Systems
Test Bank
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which of the following chest wall structures is located level with the second costal cartilage
anteriorly and thoracic vertebra T4 and T5 posteriorly?
A. Sternal angle
B. Jugular notch
C. Xiphoid process
D. Third costal cartilage
ANS: A
The sternal angle of the w“angle wof wLouis” wis wlevel wwith wthe wsecond wcostal wcartilage
wanteriorly wand wthoracic wvertebrae wT4 wand wT5 wposteriorly.
PTS: 1
2. Pectus wexcuvatum wis wBEST wdescribed was:
A. Deformity wof wthe wsternum wcaused wby wtrauma
B. Caved-in wappearance wof wthe wchest
C. Diminished wrib wangle wanteriorly
D. Conical wshape wof wthe wthoracic wcage
ANS: w w B
Pectus wexcuvatum wis wa wcommon wcongenital wdeformity wof wthe wanterior wwall wof wthe
wchest, win wwhich wseveral wribs wand wthe wsternum wgrow wabnormally; wit wproduces wa
wcaved-in wor wsunken wappearance wof wthe wchest.
PTS: 1
3. The wtrue wribs ware wBEST wdefined wby wwhich wof wthe wfollowing wstatements?
A. Vertebrochondral wribs
B. Vertebrosternal wribs
C. Ribs w11 wand w12
D. Ribs w8, w9, wand w10
ANS: w w B
The wfirst wseven wribs wattach wvia wtheir wcostal wcartilages wto wthe wsternum wand ware wcalled
wthe wtrue wribs w(also wknown was wthe wvertebrosternal wribs).
PTS: 1
Copyright ©2011, 2001, 1994 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
, Test Bank 1-2
4. Which wof wthe wfollowing winterventions wis wMOST wappropriate wfor wa wpatient wwith wlower
wrib wfractures?
A. Short, wshallow wbreaths
B. Pursed wlip wbreathing
C. Deep wbreaths wwith wsplinting
D. Breathing wwith warms wraised
ANS: w w C
It wis wimportant wfor wall wtherapists wto wrecommend wbreathing w(deep wbreathing), wsplinting
w(i.e., wpillow), wand wcoughing wstrategies wfor wpatients wwith wrib wfractures.
PTS: 1
5. Which wof wthe wfollowing wpositions wfacilitates wgreater wexcursion wof wboth whemidiaphragms
wat wrest?
A. Supine wposition
B. Sidelying wposition
C. Standing wposition
D. Sitting wposition
ANS: w w A
In wthe wsupine wposition, wwithout wthe weffects wof wgravity, wthe wlevel wof wthe wdiaphragm win
wthe wthoracic wcavity wrises. wThis wallows wfor wa wrelatively wgreater wexcursion.
PTS: 1
6. Which wof wthe wfollowing wmuscles whelp wto wachieve wthe wactive wprocess wof winspiration wat
wrest?
A. Sternocleidomastoid
B. Diaphragm
C. Abdominal wmuscles
D. Trapezius
ANS: w w B
The wdiaphragm wand winternal wintercostals w(intercartilaginous wportion) ware wthe wessential
wmuscles wto wachieve wthe wactive wprocess wof winspiration wat wrest. wAbdominal wmuscles
wassist wwith wexpiration. wThe wsternocleidomastoid wand wtrapezius ware waccessory wmuscles
wand wassist wwith wa wmore wforceful winspiration.
PTS: 1
7. Which wof wthe wfollowing waccessory wmuscles wof wventilation wfunction wto welevate wand wfix
wthe wfirst wand wsecond wribs?
A. Sternocleidomastoid wmuscle
B. Serratus wanterior
C. Latissimus wdorsi
D. Scalene
wmuscle wANS:
Copyright ©2011, 2001, 1994 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
, Test Bank 1-3
w D
Copyright ©2011, 2001, 1994 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
