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What is the historical origin of "Selective Breeding?" - Answer✅✅Ancient Greece
When did "Selective Breeding" begin to spread to the United States? -
Answer✅✅Late 19th century, starting in Europe
How did Eugenics attempt to explain social issues? - Answer✅✅It seemed to
"explain" social disparities
What social issues were viewed as hereditary by eugenicists? - Answer✅✅Poverty
and criminality
What is Positive Eugenics? - Answer✅✅Encourage reproduction of the "healthy
and wealthy"
What historical practice aligns with positive eugenics? - Answer✅✅Arranged
marriages
What current practices have aspects of positive eugenics? - Answer✅✅In vitro
fertilization, egg transplants, cloning
What are the methods of Negative Eugenics? - Answer✅✅Sterilization, Segregation,
Immigration restriction
, What common disorders did early eugenicists identify as hereditary? -
Answer✅✅Hemophilia, Huntington's, Manic depression/schizophrenia
What is the cause focused on in the Genomic Era? - Answer✅✅Multifactorial Cause
What is the approach in the Genomic Era? - Answer✅✅Identify genetic
predisposition and optimize risk reduction to prevent disease, treatment of
underlying cause, personalized approach
What is screened for in the first trimester? - Answer✅✅Trisomy 18 and 21
What is screened for in the second trimester's "quad" screening? -
Answer✅✅Trisomy 18/21 and neural tube defects
What role do nurses play in this process? - Answer✅✅Serve as liaison between
couple and genetic/reproductive provider
When and where is PGD (Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis) performed? -
Answer✅✅Done at a fertility clinic and performed Day 3 after fertilization
What is the PGD process? - Answer✅✅Genetic analysis performed and 1-2
embryos free of genetic disorder are transferred to the uterus
What is an ethical issue related to embryos not utilized in PGD? -
Answer✅✅Considering what is done with discarded or frozen embryos
What is a further ethical concern related to PGD? - Answer✅✅"Designer babies"
(e.g., selecting gender)
What are key questions regarding ownership and technology results? -
Answer✅✅Who owns these technologies and their results?
What is the main concern regarding genetic information security? - Answer✅✅How
is privacy being ensured?
What is the question regarding access? - Answer✅✅Who should have access?
What ethical concern relates to gene editing in children? - Answer✅✅What about
editing the genome of a child? (Informed Consent)
How many elements of informed consent are there? - Answer✅✅5 elements of
informed consent
What is the key question regarding information sharing? - Answer✅✅Who can
your information be shared with?