MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTICS FINAL
EXAM Q&A
It is known that DNA replication is "semi-conservative" What does this mean? -
ANSWER-Each new DNA duplex contains one strand from the parent molecule and
one newly synthesized molecule
RNA polymerase is necessary for - ANSWER-Transcription
3 major types of RNA. The RNA that serves as a template during translation is the -
ANSWER-mRNA
What is true about RNA splicing - ANSWER-Introns snipped out and discarded, eons
are spliced together
In addition to splicing, RNA transcripts are subject to two additional processing
events known as: - ANSWER-Capping and polyadenylation
Organelle in cell that is the site of translation: - ANSWER-Ribosome in cytoplasm
Which statement about DNA replication is FALSE?
A. The leading strand is synthesized in the 3' to 5' direction
B. The lagging strand is synthesized in the 5' to 3' direction
C. Okazaki fragments are built along the lagging strand
D. DNA ligase creates phosphodiester bond between Okazaki fragments -
ANSWER-A. Leading strand is synthesized in the 3' to 5' direction
Which normal base pairing has three hydrogen bonds? - ANSWER-C and G
The part of the chromosome that includes repetitive 6-nucleotide sequences at the
end of chromatids is called a - ANSWER-Telomere
The short arm of the chromosome is designates as: - ANSWER-P
Which of the following statements is correct?
A. Independent assortment is an abnormal process that typically occurs in cancerous
cells
B. Mitosis results in daughter cells that are genetically different from parent cells
C. Meiosis results in daughter cells that are genetically identical to parent cells
D. Meiosis requires a recombination process called crossing-over in which the
maternal and parental chromosomes of a homologous pair exchange genetic
material - ANSWER-D. Meiosis requires a recombination process called crossing-
over in which the maternal and parental chromosomes of a homologous pair
exchange genetic material
How many autosomal chromosomes are found in a normal human diploid cell -
ANSWER-44
, Starting with the S phase, which is the correct sequence in the cell cycle? -
ANSWER-S, G2, M, G1
At the conclusion of meiosis the daughter cells are: - ANSWER-Unique,
Not identical (as in mitosis)
Examination of chromosomes in karyotypes is performed in which stage of mitosis -
ANSWER-Metaphase
An exchange of chromosomal material between chromosomes is called a(n): -
ANSWER-Translocation
Starting material, ending material, and active enzyme in process of replication is: -
ANSWER-DNA, DNA, DNA Polymerase
Approximately how many genes are present in the human genome: - ANSWER-
20,000-35,000
What type of sugar molecule is present in DNA - ANSWER-Deoxyribose
What are the four bases found in RNA - ANSWER-Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine,
Uracil,
Correct Statement?
A. RNA is generally single stranded and is the precursor to DNA
B. RNA is generally double stranded and contains a U instead of T
C. RNA is generally single stranded and is the product of transcription
D. RNA is generally double stranded and is the precursor to protein - ANSWER-C.
RNA is generally single stranded and is the product of transcription
If 15% of the nucleotides in an organism are A, predict percentage of nucleotides
that are G: - ANSWER-35%
Type of bond connects adjacent nucleotides within a strand - ANSWER-
Phosphodiester
Given DNA sequence 5' TTAGCATAG 3' what is the complementary DNA sequence
- ANSWER-5' CTATGCTAA 3'
Initiation codon in eukaryotes is typically: - ANSWER-AUG
What is the TATA box an example of? - ANSWER-Promoter
Template strand for RNA synthesis is also know as the: - ANSWER-Antisense strand
What is the complementary sequence of the following DNA strand?
5' TTA CGA GCA CCT 3' - ANSWER-5' AGG TGC TCG TAA 3'
EXAM Q&A
It is known that DNA replication is "semi-conservative" What does this mean? -
ANSWER-Each new DNA duplex contains one strand from the parent molecule and
one newly synthesized molecule
RNA polymerase is necessary for - ANSWER-Transcription
3 major types of RNA. The RNA that serves as a template during translation is the -
ANSWER-mRNA
What is true about RNA splicing - ANSWER-Introns snipped out and discarded, eons
are spliced together
In addition to splicing, RNA transcripts are subject to two additional processing
events known as: - ANSWER-Capping and polyadenylation
Organelle in cell that is the site of translation: - ANSWER-Ribosome in cytoplasm
Which statement about DNA replication is FALSE?
A. The leading strand is synthesized in the 3' to 5' direction
B. The lagging strand is synthesized in the 5' to 3' direction
C. Okazaki fragments are built along the lagging strand
D. DNA ligase creates phosphodiester bond between Okazaki fragments -
ANSWER-A. Leading strand is synthesized in the 3' to 5' direction
Which normal base pairing has three hydrogen bonds? - ANSWER-C and G
The part of the chromosome that includes repetitive 6-nucleotide sequences at the
end of chromatids is called a - ANSWER-Telomere
The short arm of the chromosome is designates as: - ANSWER-P
Which of the following statements is correct?
A. Independent assortment is an abnormal process that typically occurs in cancerous
cells
B. Mitosis results in daughter cells that are genetically different from parent cells
C. Meiosis results in daughter cells that are genetically identical to parent cells
D. Meiosis requires a recombination process called crossing-over in which the
maternal and parental chromosomes of a homologous pair exchange genetic
material - ANSWER-D. Meiosis requires a recombination process called crossing-
over in which the maternal and parental chromosomes of a homologous pair
exchange genetic material
How many autosomal chromosomes are found in a normal human diploid cell -
ANSWER-44
, Starting with the S phase, which is the correct sequence in the cell cycle? -
ANSWER-S, G2, M, G1
At the conclusion of meiosis the daughter cells are: - ANSWER-Unique,
Not identical (as in mitosis)
Examination of chromosomes in karyotypes is performed in which stage of mitosis -
ANSWER-Metaphase
An exchange of chromosomal material between chromosomes is called a(n): -
ANSWER-Translocation
Starting material, ending material, and active enzyme in process of replication is: -
ANSWER-DNA, DNA, DNA Polymerase
Approximately how many genes are present in the human genome: - ANSWER-
20,000-35,000
What type of sugar molecule is present in DNA - ANSWER-Deoxyribose
What are the four bases found in RNA - ANSWER-Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine,
Uracil,
Correct Statement?
A. RNA is generally single stranded and is the precursor to DNA
B. RNA is generally double stranded and contains a U instead of T
C. RNA is generally single stranded and is the product of transcription
D. RNA is generally double stranded and is the precursor to protein - ANSWER-C.
RNA is generally single stranded and is the product of transcription
If 15% of the nucleotides in an organism are A, predict percentage of nucleotides
that are G: - ANSWER-35%
Type of bond connects adjacent nucleotides within a strand - ANSWER-
Phosphodiester
Given DNA sequence 5' TTAGCATAG 3' what is the complementary DNA sequence
- ANSWER-5' CTATGCTAA 3'
Initiation codon in eukaryotes is typically: - ANSWER-AUG
What is the TATA box an example of? - ANSWER-Promoter
Template strand for RNA synthesis is also know as the: - ANSWER-Antisense strand
What is the complementary sequence of the following DNA strand?
5' TTA CGA GCA CCT 3' - ANSWER-5' AGG TGC TCG TAA 3'
