NURSING 2050 EXAM 1 CEDARVILLE UNIVERSITY
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) ALREADY GRADED A+
What is physiology? Ans✓✓✓the way the body works to maintain
homeostasis
What is pathophysiology? Ans✓✓✓the way the body works by getting
out of homeostasis
What are the three major eliminators? Ans✓✓✓Lungs, kidneys, bowels
Which tubes propel urine from the kidneys to the bladder?
Ans✓✓✓Ureters
Which tube takes the urine from the bladder to the outside world?
Ans✓✓✓Urethra
What is the bladder? Ans✓✓✓a muscular sac that acts as a reservoir for
urine until a sufficient amount collects to be voided
How much can the average adult bladder hold? Ans✓✓✓600ml
When does the average trigger for urination occur? Ans✓✓✓200ml
,When the bladder is being filled with urine, this is considered what?
Ans✓✓✓urinary systole
How long is the urethra in a female? Ans✓✓✓1.5-2.5 inches
How long is the urethra in a male? Ans✓✓✓7-8 inches
Who is more prone to UTIs and why? Ans✓✓✓Females, shorter urethra
for higher risk of bacteria build-up
What are the three words used for urine elimination? Ans✓✓✓urination,
micturition, voiding
What is the main force of urination? Ans✓✓✓Contraction of the
detrusor muscle
What is the detrusor muscle? Ans✓✓✓muscle of the bladder
In order for a person to urinate, what must happen? Ans✓✓✓Detrusor
muscle must contract, urinary sphincters and pelvic floor must relax
What is needed for urination to be under voluntary control (under
normal circumstances)? Ans✓✓✓neurological development
,When do children begin to have the proper development for daytime
voluntary urination? Ans✓✓✓ages 2-3
When do children begin to have the proper development for nighttime
voluntary urination? Ans✓✓✓ages 4-6
Which type of bladder is nicknamed the "reflex" bladder?
Ans✓✓✓spastic bladder
What are the characteristics of a spastic bladder? Ans✓✓✓reflex arch is
intact, upper motor neuron is diseased , frequent voiding with small
amounts of urine
Spastic bladders are prone to what? Ans✓✓✓incontinence (but not
UTIs)
Which type of bladder does not have a reflex arch? Ans✓✓✓flaccid
bladder
What are the traits of a flaccid bladder? Ans✓✓✓reflex arch is not
intact, lower motor neuron is diseased, zero contraction of detrusor
muscle, bladder continues to fill and rarely emptied
, What are the signs of a flaccid bladder? Ans✓✓✓Patient would not be
voiding
High residual in bladder/catheter
Always urine sitting in bladder
At high risk for UTIs
True or false: flaccid bladders also raise a high concern for incontinence
Ans✓✓✓false
What are the three classes of urinary tract infections? Ans✓✓✓pre-
renal, intra-renal, post renal
A patient has congested heart failure, when the heart contracts, only 10%
of the blood actually leaves through the aorta. Which type of UTI would
this be? Ans✓✓✓pre-renal
What causes diabetics and people with multiple sclerosis to be prone to
UTIs? Ans✓✓✓peripheral neuropathy
What are the effects of peripheral neuropathy? Ans✓✓✓inability to
recognize the need to void
reflex arch is affected
What can happen if the prostate gland overgrows? Ans✓✓✓constricts
the urethra, urethra cannot contract, no urination
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) ALREADY GRADED A+
What is physiology? Ans✓✓✓the way the body works to maintain
homeostasis
What is pathophysiology? Ans✓✓✓the way the body works by getting
out of homeostasis
What are the three major eliminators? Ans✓✓✓Lungs, kidneys, bowels
Which tubes propel urine from the kidneys to the bladder?
Ans✓✓✓Ureters
Which tube takes the urine from the bladder to the outside world?
Ans✓✓✓Urethra
What is the bladder? Ans✓✓✓a muscular sac that acts as a reservoir for
urine until a sufficient amount collects to be voided
How much can the average adult bladder hold? Ans✓✓✓600ml
When does the average trigger for urination occur? Ans✓✓✓200ml
,When the bladder is being filled with urine, this is considered what?
Ans✓✓✓urinary systole
How long is the urethra in a female? Ans✓✓✓1.5-2.5 inches
How long is the urethra in a male? Ans✓✓✓7-8 inches
Who is more prone to UTIs and why? Ans✓✓✓Females, shorter urethra
for higher risk of bacteria build-up
What are the three words used for urine elimination? Ans✓✓✓urination,
micturition, voiding
What is the main force of urination? Ans✓✓✓Contraction of the
detrusor muscle
What is the detrusor muscle? Ans✓✓✓muscle of the bladder
In order for a person to urinate, what must happen? Ans✓✓✓Detrusor
muscle must contract, urinary sphincters and pelvic floor must relax
What is needed for urination to be under voluntary control (under
normal circumstances)? Ans✓✓✓neurological development
,When do children begin to have the proper development for daytime
voluntary urination? Ans✓✓✓ages 2-3
When do children begin to have the proper development for nighttime
voluntary urination? Ans✓✓✓ages 4-6
Which type of bladder is nicknamed the "reflex" bladder?
Ans✓✓✓spastic bladder
What are the characteristics of a spastic bladder? Ans✓✓✓reflex arch is
intact, upper motor neuron is diseased , frequent voiding with small
amounts of urine
Spastic bladders are prone to what? Ans✓✓✓incontinence (but not
UTIs)
Which type of bladder does not have a reflex arch? Ans✓✓✓flaccid
bladder
What are the traits of a flaccid bladder? Ans✓✓✓reflex arch is not
intact, lower motor neuron is diseased, zero contraction of detrusor
muscle, bladder continues to fill and rarely emptied
, What are the signs of a flaccid bladder? Ans✓✓✓Patient would not be
voiding
High residual in bladder/catheter
Always urine sitting in bladder
At high risk for UTIs
True or false: flaccid bladders also raise a high concern for incontinence
Ans✓✓✓false
What are the three classes of urinary tract infections? Ans✓✓✓pre-
renal, intra-renal, post renal
A patient has congested heart failure, when the heart contracts, only 10%
of the blood actually leaves through the aorta. Which type of UTI would
this be? Ans✓✓✓pre-renal
What causes diabetics and people with multiple sclerosis to be prone to
UTIs? Ans✓✓✓peripheral neuropathy
What are the effects of peripheral neuropathy? Ans✓✓✓inability to
recognize the need to void
reflex arch is affected
What can happen if the prostate gland overgrows? Ans✓✓✓constricts
the urethra, urethra cannot contract, no urination
