NSG 451 Exam 1 Questions and Verified Answers | Latest Update 2026/ 2027 | Grade A+ | Guaranteed Pass!!

NSG 451 Exam 1 Questions and Verified Answers | Latest Update 2026/ 2027 | Grade A+ | Guaranteed Pass!! Historical perspectives of children? -children were expendable; property, a means of income -originated concept of family-centered care; parental involvement, support of families Why was there a high child mortality rate in the 1800s? -long workdays, poverty, infectious disease, unsanitary conditions Who initiated what in the 1900s? -lilllian wald initiated public health nursing, educating mothers, hygiene Health is a state of complete what? -health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease How were children historically treated as? -historically treated as small adults -they aren't small adults What is the major goal of pediatric nursing? -to improve the quality of healthcare for children and their families What are health indicators from healthy people 2020? -physical activity -overweight and obesity -tobacco use (vaping) -substance abuse -sexual behavior -mental health -injury and violence -environmental quality -immunizations -access to health care What are the causes of infant mortality? -primary cause: low birth weight < 2500 g, higher mortality rate -congenital anomalies: cardiac defects -sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS): back to sleep program -unintentional injury: suffocation is the leading cause of death from injury for infants; cosleeping, blankets in crib What are the goals of healthy people 2020? -increase quality and length of human life -eliminate health disparities What are risk factors for infant mortality? -african-american race -male gender -short or long gestation -maternal age (younger or older) -maternal education -males are at a disadvantage Definition of childhood morbidity? -may denote acute illness, chronic disease, or disability -difficult to define and measure -groups with increased morbidity: children who are homeless, poor, or chronically ill; foreignborn adopted children; and children in daycare What percentage of children live in poverty? -17% of children live in families with incomes below the poverty level Children who live in poverty have poorer what? -have poorer health when compared to children from higher income families Between 1970 and 2006 what proportion increased? -the proportion of children living with a never-married parent increased from 7% to 42% Children of single mothers are how many times more likely to be poor? -5 times more likely What is the leading cause of death in children older than 1 year? -unintentional injuries -next MVA: unrestrained leading cause of accidental death -followed by drownings, burns, firearms and poisonings What does family centered care mean? -family is whatever a person considers it to be -traditional versus non-traditional families -recognizes the family as the constant in a child's life -systems must support, respect, encourage, and enhance the family's strength and competence -needs of all family members must be addressed -families are cared for within the framework of their family and culture -cultural and religious beliefs can affect health care decisions; potentially create conflict between the RN and the family -atraumatic care