Urinalysis Exam with Complete Questions and Correct Detailed Answers (Verified Answers) |Already Graded A+|Brand New Version!!

Urinalysis Exam with Complete Questions and Correct Detailed Answers (Verified Answers) |Already Graded A+|Brand New Version!! Tubular ultrafiltrate enters the collecting duct from the ________ a. proximal convoluted tubule b. nephron loop c. distal convoluted tubule d. glomerulus - Answer- distal convoluted tubule. Which of the following is a layer of the renal corpuscle? a. Glomerular parietal epithelium b. Glomerular endothelium c. All of the choices are correct. d. Glomerular visceral epithelium - Answer- All of the choices are correct The kidneys provide short-term adjustments to maintain blood pH. a. True b. False - Answer- False The renal plasma clearance of a substance that is filtered and secreted is ________ the GFR. a. greater than b. less than c. equal to - Answer- less than Glomerulonephritis may result from destruction of the glomerular capillary basement membrane. a. True b. False - Answer- True The vasa recta have the net effect of concentrating solutes in the interstitial fluid of the renal medulla. a. True b. False - Answer- True Antidiuretic hormone A. stimulates water reabsorption by the kidney. B. induces fusion of aquaporin containing vesicles with the plasma membrane. C. is secreted in response to dehydration. D. All of the choices are correct. - Answer- All of the choices are correct Which sphincter is under voluntary control? a. Internal urethral sphincter b. External urethral sphincter - Answer- External urethral sphincter What creates a Na+ concentration gradient in the proximal tubule? A. Na+/K+ pump B. diffusion of Na+ C. osmosis of water D. diffusion of Cl- - Answer- Na+/K+ pump The ________ is the functional unit of the kidney. a. nephron b. neuron c. calyx d. medulla - Answer- nephron The __________ acts as a countercurrent exchanger. A. juxtaglomerular apparatus B. peritubular capillaries C. vasa recta D. macula densa - Answer- vasa recta The _________________ is the saturation point of renal carrier molecules. A. transport maximum B. GFR C. renal plasma clearance D. renal plasma threshold - Answer- transport maximum Damage to ________ would not impair micturition. a. the detrusor muscle b. parasympathetic neurons from the lumbar region c. sympathetic neurons from the sacral region d. pudendal somatic motor neurons - Answer- the detrusor muscle Renal insufficiency A. stimulates metabolic alkalosis B. often results from dialysis C. may occur as a result of arteriosclerosis D. stimulates hypokalemia. - Answer- may occur as a result of arteriosclerosis The ability of the kidneys to maintain a relatively constant GFR despite fluctuating blood pressures is called A. renal plasma threshold B. renal transport maximum C. renal plasma clearance D. renal autoregulation. - Answer- renal autoregulation An increase in plasma osmolality will cause the secretion of ADH. a. True b. False - Answer- True urinalysis on a patient reveals a number of abnormalities. choose the abnormal finding that best indicates damage to the filtration barriers in the glomerulus. a. Glycosuria b. Hypercalcemia c. Hematuria d. Increased creatinine - Answer- hematuria The movement of molecules and ions from the peritubular capillaries into interstitial fluid and then into the nephron tubule is called a. Secretion b. Reabsorption c. Excretion d. Filtration - Answer- secretion Since water follows the reabsorption of Na+ in the proximal tubule, the filtrate is isomotic with the blood. a. True b. False - Answer- True Which of the following is a nonsalt molecule that contributes to the hypertonicity of the interstitial fluid of the renal tubules? a. Urea b. Creatinine c. Xenobiotic molecule d. Protein - Answer- urea Destruction or loss of the ________ could cause albumin levels in the urine to increase. a. capillary fenestrae b. slit diaphragm c. glomerular basement membrane d. parietal layer of the capsule - Answer- slit diaphragm The actions of the kidney include regulation of ________. a. blood plasma pH b. All of the choices are correct c. blood plasma volume d. blood plasma electrolyte concentration - Answer- All of the choices are correct The concentration of renal filtrate is highest in the A. proximal convoluted tubule. B. base of the nephron loop C. distal convoluted tubule. D. cortical portion of the collecting duct - Answer- base of the nephron loop Stimulation of the macula densa cells of the juxtaglomerular apparatus would be stimulated if blood pressure decreased. a. True b. False - Answer- True