EMT-Basic: Pharmacology. 8 Drugs (6 rights) and indicatons/contra. etc.

EMT-Basic: Pharmacology. 8 Drugs (6 rights) and indicatons/contra. Etc SAMMARIZED QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS. (Administration concerns:) Epinephrine 1:1,000 (Epi) - Answer-(Administration concerns:) Pregnancy, cardiac disorders, hypertension, geriatrics, medication only lasts approx. 5 minutes. (Adverse reactions and side effects:) Albuterol - Answer-(Adverse reactions and side effects:) Paradoxic bronchospasm, tremors, anxiety, palpitations, tachycardia , hypertension. (Contraindications:) Activated Charcoal - Answer-(Contraindications:) Lowered LOC, OD of corrosives, caustics, or petroleum substances (Contraindications:) Albuterol - Answer-(Contraindications:) Hypersensitivty to this drug and peanuts, tachydysrhythmias. (Contraindications:) Aspirin (ASA) - Answer-(Contraindications:) GI bleed, allergy. (Contraindications:) Epinephrine 1:1,000 (Epi) - Answer-(Contraindications:) MI, hypothermia, hypertension. (Contraindications:) Meter Dosed Inhaler (MDI) - Answer-(Contraindications:) Hypersensitivity, tachycardia, MI. (Contraindications:) Nitroglycerin - Answer-(Contraindications:) Cerebral hemorrhage, sexual enhancement drugs, hypotension-systolic blood pressure 100. (Contraindications:) Oral Glucose/Glutose - Answer-(Contraindications:) Lowered LOC, nausea, vomiting, inability to swallow/no gag reflex. (Contraindications:) Oxygen (O2) - Answer-(Contraindications:) Very rarely in patients with COPD. DO NOT use near open flames as O2 will support combustion. Never withhold O2 from a patient. (Indication:) Oxygen (O2) - Answer-(Indication:) Hypoxia or suspected hypoxia. (Indications:) Activated Charcoal - Answer-(Indications:) Most oral poisonings, overdoses. (Indications:) Albuterol - Answer-(Indications:) Asthma or acute bronchospasm assoc. (Indications:) Aspirin (ASA) - Answer-(Indications:) MI and angina as approved by medical direction. (Indications:) Epinephrine 1:1,000 (Epi) - Answer-(Indications:) Anaphylaxis/severe allergic reactions. s/s of shock, hypotension, airway swelling or dyspnea. (Indications:) Meter Dosed Inhaler (MDI) - Answer-(Indications:) Asthma/difficulty breathing with wheezing, must be prescribed. (Indications:) Nitroglycerin - Answer-(Indications:) Treatment of angina pain and acute myocardial infarction, must be patient's prescribed dosage and as approved by medical direction. (Indications:) Oral Glucose/Glutose - Answer-(Indications:) Altered mental status, blood sugar lower than 80 - hypoglycemia (Mechanism of Action:) Activated Charcoal - Answer-(Mechanism of Action:) Adsorbs toxic substances in the digestive tract. (Mechanism of Action:) Albuterol - Answer-(Mechanism of Action:) Bronchodilator, stimulates ß-₂ adrenergic receptors of bronchial smooth muscle and lungs. (Mechanism of Action:) Aspirin (ASA) - Answer-(Mechanism of Action:) Decreases platelet aggregation, decreases clotting. (Mechanism of Action:) Epinephrine 1:1,000 (Epi) - Answer-(Mechanism of Action:) Stimulates nervous system, causing vasoconstriction and bronchodilation. (Mechanism of Action:) Meter Dosed Inhaler (MDI) - Answer-(Mechanism of Action:) Stimulates the nervous system, causing bronchodilation. (Mechanism of Action:) Nitroglycerin - Answer-(Mechanism of Action:) Dilates coronary arteries and veins, improves blood flow. Decreases oxygen demand of the heart. (Mechanism of Action:) Oral Glucose/Glutose - Answer-(Mechanism of Action:) When absorbed, provides glucose for cell use. (Mechanism of Action:) Oxygen (O2) - Answer-(Mechanism of Action:) Reverses hypoxia. (Precaution:) Oxygen (O2) - Answer-(Precaution:) NO open flames nearby; DO NOT withhold O2 from patients in respiratory distress. (Precautions:) Activated Charcoal - Answer-(Precautions:) Vomiting (Precautions:) Albuterol - Answer-(Precautions:) Cardiac disorders, hypertension. (Precautions:) Aspirin (ASA) - Answer-(Precautions:) Anemia, Hodgkin's lymphoma, gastritis (Precautions:) Meter Dosed Inhaler (MDI) - Answer-(Precautions:) Cardiac disorders, diabetes, hypertension, seizures. (Precautions:) Nitroglycerin - Answer-(Precautions:) Severe liver disease. (Precautions:) Oral Glucose/Glutose - Answer-(Precautions:) Patient must have control of the airway and be awake and able to follow commands. (Route and Dosage:) Activated Charcoal - Answer-(Route and Dosage:) By mouth (PO); Adult and child; 50 grams, 1 - 2g/kg (Route and Dosage:) Albuterol - Answer-(Route and Dosage:) Nebulized inhaler; 2.5 - 5 mg (in 2.5 mL NS 'fish') (Route and Dosage:) Aspirin (ASA) - Answer-(Route and Dosage:) By mouth, dosage 3 - 4 81mg chewable tablets, max dose 324mg. (Route and Dosage:) Meter Dosed Inhaler (MDI) - Answer-(Route and Dosage:) MDI/Inhalation. (Route and dosage:) Nitroglycerin - Answer-(Route and dosage:) Sublingual, 0.4 mg q 5 min. max dose 3 tabs. (Route and Dosage:) Oral Glucose/Glutose - Answer-(Route and Dosage:) By mouth (PO); 10 - 30g, max dose 30g. (Route and Dosage) Epinephrine 1:1,000 (Epi) - Answer-(Route and Dosage) Adult SQ/IM 0.1 - 0.5 mg. Epi-pen dose 0.3 mg. (Route:) Oxygen (O2) - Answer-(Route:) Inhalation. (Side effects:) Activated Charcoal - Answer-(Side effects:) Nausea, vomiting, constipation, black stool. (Side effects:) Aspirin (ASA) - Answer-(Side effects:) Seizures, coma, GI bleeding, hepatitis and anaphylaxis. (Side effects:) Epinephrine 1:1,000 (Epi) - Answer-(Side effects:) Tremors, anxiety, dizziness, palpitations, tachycardia, dysrhythmias, anorexia, N/V, dyspnea, increases oxygen demand of the heart. (Side effects:) Meter Dosed Inhaler (MDI) - Answer-(Side effects:) Hypertension, tachycardia, anxiety, restlessness. (Side effects:) Nitroglycerin - Answer-(Side effects:) Headache, flushing, dizziness, hypotension, and tachycardia. (Side effects:) Oral Glucose/Glutose - Answer-(Side effects:) Nausea, vomiting. (Side effects:) Oxygen (O2) - Answer-(Side effects:) Lowered respiratory drives in some patients with COPD. (Type of drug:) Activated Charcoal - Answer-(Type of drug:) Adsorbent (Type of drug:) Albuterol - Answer-(Type of drug:) Adrenergic ß-₂ agonist, sympathomimetic, bronchodilator (Type of drug:) Aspirin (ASA) - Answer-(Type of drug:) Antiplatelet (Type of drug:) Epinephrine 1:1,000 (Epi) - Answer-(Type of drug:) Bronchodilator, vasoconstrictor. (Type of drug:) Meter Dosed Inhaler (MDI) - Answer-(Type of drug:) Bronchodilator (Type of drug:) Nitroglycerin - Answer-(Type of drug:) Vasodilator. (Type of drug:) Oral Glucose/Glutose - Answer-(Type of drug:) Glucose. (Type of drug:) Oxygen (O2) - Answer-(Type of drug:) Gas/Inhaled